I-Miami-Dade (FL) I-Fire Rescue (MDFR) iklame futhi yakha izisetshenziswa zokuqeqesha izicishamlilo ukuze ifundise abasebenzi ngamasu okusika ingilazi ekwazi ukumelana nomthelela we-laminated, amaphaneli okuvikela impahla engenamuntu, amabhawodi ezinqola, amakhethini e-HUD, izivalo zeziphepho neminyango engaphezulu. I-MDFR isungule ukusebenzisana nosonkontileka befasitela nezicabha ukuze bathole amafasitela nezicabha ezinengilazi elayiniwe kanye namashutha angaphezulu, ama-sectional kanye nangaphezulu. Nakuba izicabha eziningi ezingaphezulu kuyizicabha ezindala ngentsha, izicabha namafasitela anengilazi elayiniwe ngokuvamile kusha sha; azikwazi ukufakwa ngenxa yamaphutha kubukhulu bazo noma umklamo oshiwo umakhi.
Sekuyiminyaka, izicishamlilo ze-MDFR zizama ukufaka ama-C-clamps noma ngokunye ukuzinzisa amafasitela anengilazi enezicabha nezicabha ziqondile kuyilapho abasebenzi beshwiba izimbazo nezando noma besebenzisa amasaha ukuze bangene kuzo. Ngenhlanhla, akekho owalimala, kodwa akekho owabona ingozi enkulu yokusika. ingilazi.Kwaze kwaze kwaba yilapho uMnyango Wezomlilo Nokuhlenga wasePalm Beach County (FL) uthwebula ividiyo yokuqeqeshwa lapho iminyango yomibili yafunda khona mayelana nezingozi zokuphefumula zokuhogela uthuli lwengilazi. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, umthwebuli wevidiyo uzomisa ividiyo futhi asondeza isithombe.Okwabonwa kwakuphazamisa: Lapho izicishamlilo zihogela, uthuli lwengilazi lwalubonakala lungena emilonyeni nasemakhaleni.Ngenxa yalokho, zombili iPalm Beach County kanye ne-MDFR zidinga izisebenzi eduze nokusika ingilazi ukuze zisebenzise izinto eziziphefumulelayo (SCBA).
Esithombeni 1, ifreyimu yengilazi engaguquki esikiwe struts yashiselwa ndawonye umklami wayo, uKapteni Juan Miguel. Ukuze ubambe izicabha namafasitela, ama-U-clamp enziwe ngensimbi yensimbi esindayo futhi afakwe izikulufu ze-T-handle. I-clevis ivikela umnyango wengilazi noma iwindi esinqeni esingaphansi kanye nasenhlokweni engaphezulu, eshelelayo iye phezulu naphansi esiteshini sabakaki abaqondile, njenge-shutter yerola engaphezulu.Ngenxa yalokho, ama-props anekhono eliyingqayizivele lokulingana cishe nanoma yimuphi usayizi wewindi. noma umnyango.Esithombeni 2, izisebenzi ze-MDFR zisebenzisa (kusuka kwesokudla kuye kwesobunxele) isaha elijikelezayo elisebenza ngebhethri, isaha elijikelezayo elisebenza ngophethiloli, nesaha elihambisanayo ukuze bazijwayeze amasu okusika.Isithombe sesi-3 siwukuvala eduze kwesihloko esiphezulu. ishaneli nama-pulleys angeziwe ukuze kube lula ukuphakamisa nokwehlisa inhlokweni ephezulu.Isithombe sesi-4 sibonisa isiteji sokunwebeka esiqukethe ikholomu yezitebhisi zangaphandle.
I-prop yesibili ephathekayo ingafakwa ekuvuleni kwefasitela lombhoshongo wokuqeqesha we-MDFR, noma esakhiweni esitholiwe, sokuqeqesha amasu e-ventilation-entry-isolation-search (VEIS). .Amabhande e-ratchet ampintsha izimpawu zomgwaqo ukuze azibambe endaweni yawo.Esithombeni 5, iwindi elizosikwa lise-clevis, liboshwe ngaphansi kophawu lomgwaqo lwangaphandle.Esithombeni 6, ingaphezulu lewindi liboshwe i-clevis ehlanganisa i-flange yangaphandle yophawu lomgwaqo bese ishelela phansi endaweni.Esithombeni 7, izicishamlilo zisebenzisa isaha elisebenza ngebhethri ukusika iwindi lengilazi elakhiwe elivikelwe ama-struts aphathekayo ewindini elivulekayo ukuze bathole isakhiwo.Esithombeni I-8, i-prop yokusika ingilazi ephathekayo ixhunywe efasiteleni ngezimpawu zomgwaqo kanye nezintambo ze-ratchet.Lapha, isicishamlilo esingaphezulu kwesitebhisi sasemoyeni siqala ukusika ingilazi ukuze kusebenze i-VEIS.
Akukho ukuhlolwa kwezinsiza zokusika ingilazi okuqediwe ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwengilazi. Ingilazi ehlanganisiwe iyingilazi evame ukutholwa izicishamlilo, njengengilazi eyisicaba kanye “nengilazi entantayo.” Uma ithinteka noma ichayekile emlilweni, ingilazi efakwe emanzini ingaphahlazeka ibe enkulu. izingcezu ezingabangela ukulimala noma ukufa, ikakhulukazi uma ziwa zisuka ezitezi ezingaphezulu zezakhiwo eziphakeme.Izingcezu zengilazi eziphukile eziphukile zingaba yingozi kubacishi bomlilo uma zihlala engxenyeni engenhla yohlaka lwamafasitela.Lapho izicishamlilo ziphula ingilazi evaliwe. amafasitela akhombisayo - asekhona ezakhiweni ezindala - kufanele aqaphele kakhulu ukusula amafreyimu amafasitela aphezulu. Uma bengakwenzi lokho, izingcezu zengilazi ezisindayo, eziwugqinsi, ezimangelengele bezingalenga phezu kwamakhanda azo njengama-guillotine blades; bangawa ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.
Izakhiwo zengilazi ene-annealed zingashintshwa ngokushisisa bese kupholiswa esithandweni.Isikhathi, izinga lokushisa kanye nezinga lokupholisa lengilazi esithandweni somlilo linquma ukuthi ingilazi igcwele ulaka noma iqiniswe ngokushisa.Le nqubo yokushisa nokupholisa icindezela indawo engaphandle wengilazi eqiniswe ngokushisa nokushisa, okwandisa amandla ayo.Kokubili ingilazi eqiniswe ukushisa nepholile inamandla futhi iphephile kunengilazi ehlanganisiwe, kodwa inezici ezihlukene zokuphuka.Lapho ingilazi eqiniswe ukushisa iphahlazeka, ikhiqiza ama-shards afana nengilazi e-annealed; kodwa ivamise ukuhlala ngaphakathi kohlaka lwefasitela.Lapho iphihlizwa, ingilazi epholile iphahlazeka ibe amakristalu amancane avame ukuwa ohlakeni lwewindi.
Iminyaka eminingana, izindawo ezigudle ugu lwe-Gulf kanye ne-Atlantic zigunyaze ukusetshenziswa kwezivalo zesiphepho noma umoya onama-laminated kanye nengilazi ekwazi ukumelana nomthelela ekwakhiweni okusha. Umoya ocwebezelayo kanye nengilazi ekwazi ukumelana nokushayisana kuhlanganisa ungqimba olumaphakathi lwe-polymer eqinile, ebonisa ngale njenge-polyethylene butyl. ihlanganiswe phakathi kwamashidi amabili engilazi eqiniswe ukushisa noma eqinile.Zombili izingqimba zengilazi zingaphahlazeka ngenxa yomthelela, kodwa ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwepulasitiki lumelana nokungena futhi lugcine iwindi liqinile.Lindela ingxenye engaphezu kweyodwa yengilazi elayiniwe, ikakhulukazi ezakhiweni ezinde.Ukonga amandla, izakhiwo eziphakeme ngokuvamile zinamafasitela avaleleke, anamashidi amabili ezingilazi ezifudumele noma eziqiniswe ukushisa agcwaliswe umoya, i-argon, i-xenon, noma enye igesi evikelayo.
Ukuba khona kwengilazi elayiniwe kuyisici esibalulekile futhi kufanele kunqunywe ekukhulisweni okungu-360°. Uma kukhona, kusho ukuthi izisebenzi zizosebenza esakhiweni esingenamafasitela. wazama ukuyihlephula ngehuku lokuphahla.Thepha ngobumnene ingilazi elaminethiwe ngethuluzi lensimbi ukuze ubone ingilazi elayiniwe ngaphandle kokulimala; uma uzwa i-pop ebuthuntu, kungenzeka kube ingilazi elaminate.
Nakuba ama-chainsaws afakwe umoya afakwe amaketanga e-carbide ngokungangabazeki angamathuluzi ashesha kakhulu futhi asebenza kahle kakhulu okusika ingilazi elaminethiwe, cishe akunakwenzeka ukusika izimbobo ezimise okomuntu ngamathuluzi ezandla, ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo ezigcwele intuthu.Nokho, amathuluzi ezandla angasetshenziswa ukusika izimbobo ezincane zokufinyelela nokusebenzisa i-latch.Isibonelo, uma amafasitela engilazi elayiniwe efakwe ekucacisweni, kungenzeka ukuthi igumbi ngalinye lokulala lizodinga ukuba nefasitela "lokuphunyuka" elingavulwa futhi livulwe ngaphakathi.Ukwengeza, iminyango eshelelayo. kanye nezicabha zesiFulentshi zingavulwa ngendlela efanayo.Ukusika ngamathuluzi ezandla kuhlanganisa ukushaya imbazo eyisicaba ngesando sokusika noma ukucwecwa.
Ezakhiweni zamahhovisi esimanje nasemahhotela, kunamafasitela ambalwa angavulwa ukuze kungene umoya.Ezinye izakhiwo zodonga zamakhethini ezigxilile noma ingilazi zingase zibe namafasitela angavulwa ukuze kungene umoya ngokhiye we-Allen noma ukhiye okhethekile.Ngokunjalo, amakhodi okwakha amadala ayedinga izicishamlilo. ukuphula amanye amafasitela ezingilazi ezithambile.Abaphathi bezakhiwo abafuni abaqashi bavule amafasitela abo futhi bavumele umoya obiza kakhulu ukushisa, ukupholisa kanye nokuthulisa ukuphunyuka.Ngaphandle kwekhono lokuvula amafasitela, imisebenzi yokungenisa umoya yabacimi bomlilo kuyoba nzima.
Cabanga ngalesi simo esivamile: umugqa wamandla omfishane ungaqala umlilo ngaphansi kwedeski endaweni yokusebenzela ye-office suite noma i-cubicle.Wonke amafasitela esakhiweni anengilazi elaminethiwe, futhi akukho nelilodwa lawo elingavulwa.Njengoba cishe yonke into engaphakathi kwegumbi yenziwe i-petrochemical synthetic material (ipulasitiki), intuthu evela ezigabeni zokuqala zomlilo isivele imnyama futhi inomsindo.Maduze, umlilo uzosakazeka ezihlalweni zehhovisi kanye nama-cubicles angenamsindo, kokubili okugcwele i-polyurethane foam futhi embozwe ngendwangu ye-vinyl noma ye-polyester. Ekugcineni, ukushisa komlilo kwavula isifafazi esisodwa noma ngaphezulu, kwavimba umlilo ukuthi ungaqhubeki, kodwa akuzange kukhiqizwe intuthu.
Izifafazi azivamile ukuwucisha ngokuphelele umlilo, ziwushiye uthunqa noma uvutha ngokuphelele. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi i-carbon monoxide (CO) iwumkhiqizo wokusha okungaphelele, amakamelo amahhovisi agcwala intuthu ewugqinsi, epholiswe ngamanzi equkethe ukugxila okuyingozi kwe-CO.Njengoba inamandla kaphethiloli amasaha awakwazi ukusebenza ezindaweni ezinentuthu, ezingenawo umoya-mpilo, amasaha anamuhla asebenza ngebhethri alungele ukudala amafasitela engilazi elayiniwe.
Isixazululo sokugcina sokungenisa umoya esakhiweni esinamafasitela angaguquki, avaleleke, amelana nokushayisana, isistimu yokulawula intuthu eklanywe kahle futhi eqhutshwa kahle.Lokhu kufaka phakathi uchungechunge lwamafeni anamandla aklanywe ngokucophelela, imigudu emikhulu yokuhlinzeka kanye ne-exhaust, nama-dampers okulawula ukuhamba komoya kanye bhema.
I-MDFR inabasebenzi benkampani yayo yokuhlenga yezokwelapha nesikhulu kanye nabacimi bomlilo ababili.Lawa mayunithi afakwe amathuluzi avamile ezinkampanini zamasitebhisi futhi ngaleyo ndlela enze umsebenzi wezinkampani zamaladi emililo yesakhiwo; banesibopho sokungena nokuseshwa ngenkani.Sekuyiminyaka, abezokwelapha befakwe amasaha asebenza ngophethiloli kanye namasaha ajikelezayo kwaze kwaba yilapho ukukhathazeka mayelana nentuthu kaphethiloli engena egunjini leziguli kubangele ukuba kukhishwe.Selokhu kwasuswa isaha likaphethiloli, i-MDFR ibilokhu ifuna. amathuluzi okubuyisela amandla okungena ngenkani enkampani yokuhlenga, ikakhulukazi ukusika i-rebar evimbela ukweba evame ukutholakala eminyango nasemafasiteleni endaweni yase-Miami.Umnyango uhlole amasaha ajikelezayo naphindaphindayo anikwa amandla amabhethri e-nickel-cadmium (ni-cad). amasaha asebenza ngebhethri akwazi ukusika ingilazi elaminethiwe ezindaweni ezingenantuthu ne-oxygen, ingilazi kwakudingeka "ithambe" ngokushaya ingilazi ngethuluzi, iphule izingqimba zengilazi zangaphakathi nezingaphandle ukuze isaha livele lisike iqoqo. kumongo wento emaphakathi.Ngenkathi iphatheka futhi ishesha ukusebenzisa, alikho kulawa mathuluzi elisebenza njengesaha elisebenza ngophethiloli.
Ngo-2019, umnyango wacela i-Technical Rescue Team (TRT) ukuthi ihlole isizukulwane esisha samasaha anamandla ebhethri e-lithium-ion (li-ion) avela kubakhiqizi ababili. ithuluzi lapho elahlekelwa amandla awo.Nakuba ayesetshenziselwa ukusika izinsimbi lapho kubhidlika imisebenzi yokuhlenga, ngokushesha kwatholakala ukuthi amasaha amasha asebenza ngebhethri ayekwazi ukusika izinsimbi ezivimbela ukweba cishe ngokushesha njengamasaha asebenza ngophethiloli.Esithombeni 10, isicishamlilo sisika insika yokusika insika yokunqanda ukweba.Ngokusekelwe empendulweni eyakhayo evela ku-TRT, umnyango uyaqiniseka ukuthi uthole isaha ephathekayo esebenza kahle kakhulu obuyifuna ukuhlenga kabusha izinsiza zezokwelapha.Lawa masaha manje “ahamba -kuya" imishini yayo yonke inselele yokusika futhi isize ukusindisa izimpilo kule nqubo.
Angasindi, kulula ukuwalawula, futhi aqinile, lawa masaha asebenza kahle uma esika ezindaweni ezimpintshana noma eduze kwalabo abahlukumezekile. Ayakwazi ukusikeka ngendlela elimazayo. Phakathi nenqubo yokuhlola, umnyango wathola ukuthi i-saha blade engcono kakhulu (ngokobuchwepheshe ayiyona i-saha blade, kodwa i-abrasive cutting disc) kwakuyi-vacuum brazed diamond-inlaid saw blade.Ngaphezu kwekhwalithi yokusika yonqenqema lwedayimane, lawa ma-blades aphinde asike ukusikeka okuncane kakhulu; ngakho-ke, amasaha ane-kinetic wear friction encane kunalawo afakwe izindwani zesaha ezihlukanisiwe zedayimane.Zombili izinhlobo zine-blade yobubanzi obungu-9″ enobubanzi obungu-3.5″ bokujula.
Inkampani ngayinye ithumela amabhethri amane; enye igcinwa kushaja ye-dorm, kanti enye ithwalwa isaha.Faka esikhundleni sebhethri endaweni ngoba ibhethri liphelile noma lishise kakhulu.Lapho ibhethri ikhishwa ebhethri le-lithium-ion, kukhiqizwa ukushisa; uma i-saw ilukhuni futhi isikhathi eside, ibhethri lizoshisa kakhulu kuze kube yilapho isifunda sokuphepha ebhethri siyivala.Amabhethri avela kubakhiqizi bobabili anezibani ezibonisa inani lamandla atholakalayo.Lapho ukukhanya kuqala ukukhanya, ibhethri liyashisa kakhulu. I-ode ibhethri elikhulu kunawo wonke kumkhiqizi ukuze isaha likhulise isikhathi sokusebenza futhi linciphise ukukhiqizwa kokushisa.
Ngemva kwesigaba sokuhlola, umnyango uthuthukise futhi wethula uhlelo lokuqeqesha izinkampani zosizo lwezokwelapha ukuze zifunde ukusebenzisa amasaha azo asanda kukhululwa ngendlela ephumelelayo. isaha.
Izisebenzi zafunda ukuthi amasaha okudayela asebenza ngebhethri ayengenawo amandla kanye netorque ayejwayele ukusebenzisa amasaha omoya. Isaha lomkhiqizi oyedwa lalinokukhanya okukhomba ukulayisha, futhi lapho isaha liwela esikiwe, ama-revolution ngomzuzu (rpm) lase lehle kwaze kwaba yilapho isaha lingasasebenzi futhi ibhethri selisengozini yokushisa ngokweqile.Abasebenza bafundiswa ukulalela isaha.Uma i-rpm yehla kakhulu noma i-blade iqala ukubhajwa ekusikeni, yehlisa ukucindezela isaha futhi unciphise isivinini lapho opharetha edonsa isaha nge-cut.
Ukwengeza, opharetha bafundiswa usayizi wethagethi yokungena ngenkani ukuze banqume inani elincane lokusikeka okuphumelelayo noma okuphumelelayo kakhulu.Esikhundleni sokuzama ukusika izintuba ezinkulu ezicabheni ezingaphezulu kanye nokushwibeka, sebenzisa isaha elisebenza ngebhethri ukusika izintuba ezincane “zokuhlinzwa” ukuze ufinyelele. kanye nokukhulula izingidi namalashi.Isibonelo, iminyango eminingi yezingxenye ezingaphezulu kwezentengiso eSouth Florida ivikelwe ngamaletshi ashelelayo anamathiselwe ngaphakathi kwesigaba sesibili esingezansi.Ngakho-ke yenza ukusika esikhumbeni sensimbi seshidi lomnyango esikhulu ngokwanele ukuthi ungafinyelela kuso. futhi ukhulule i-latch.Ukujula okulinganiselwe kokusika kwesaha (amayintshi angu-3.5 kuphela) kwakungeyona inkinga, njengoba u-opharetha wayegwema ukusika noma yiziphi iziqinisekiso ezinzima.
Ukusika i-deadbolt esicabheni esijikayo, shaya imbazo noma i-adz ye-halligan phakathi komnyango ne-jamb ukuze i-blade ijikeleze ngokukhululeka. imbobo, bese udonsa isiqephu esakhiweni.
Esithombeni 11, isilinda sokukhiya sisikwa phakathi nendawo yomnyango wensimbi oqinile.Isaha lisika kalula izinti zensimbi ezisuka phezulu, phansi, nasemaceleni omnyango.
Esithombeni se-12, isaha elisebenza ngebhethri lisika ngokushesha ikhanda lebhawodi lenqola eliphoqelelwe ukuba libe yinsika.Ngenxa yesisindo salo esilula, isaha lilungele ukuphoqelela ukufinyelela ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo, njengokusika amalokhi aqinile avikela iminyango yophahla lwezitebhisi.
Kusukela i-MDFR ithole amasaha anamandla ebhethri e-lithium-ion, izisebenzi ziwasebenzise ngokuphumelelayo emisebenzini yokuhlenga yobuchwepheshe, okuhlanganisa ukusika i-rebar emisebenzini yokucekela phansi ukhonkolo, ukusika izingxenye zemishini emisebenzini yokucupha ngomshini, kanye nokusika iziguli mahhala ekuhlengeni kokubhobozwa .
Imboni yamathuluzi iphendule empumelelweni yalawa masaha ezimakethe zokwakha kanye namathuluzi abathengi.I-MDFR inabakhiqizi ababili abangakhetha kubo ngo-2019; manje inamasaha okudayela asebenza ngebhethri okungenani amahlanu ebangeni lokwakha.Iminyango yomlilo kufanele ihlole zonke izici zesaha elinikeziwe ngaphambi kokukhetha uhlobo oluthile.Imibandela yokukhetha ihlanganisa ukusebenza, ukujula kokusika, ukuqina, ukuphila kwebhethri, izindleko zebhethri nokutholakala , kanye nokwesekwa komkhiqizi.
Amapulangwe omnyango ongaphezulu alungele ukufundisa ukugingqelwa phezulu, amakhethini anezilayidi, kanye namasu okusika eminyango yegalaji yesigaba.Esithombeni 13, ipropu isetshenziselwa ukuzijwayeza amasu okusika emnyango wengxenye ongaphezulu wendlu.Esithombeni 14, uMiguel wakha umsebenzi onzima. ifreyimu yensimbi futhi walibophela ethrekhi yezivalo zamarola aphezulu esikhungweni sokuqeqesha.Ipuleti elehlelayo elivikelwe ngamabhande e-ratchet lisekela ukuvuleka okusikwe kumnyango we-roller ongaphezulu ongashiyiwe oncike kuhlaka.
U-BILL GUSTIN ungumakadebona wenkonzo yomlilo weminyaka engu-48 futhi ukaputeni weThimba Lomlilo Nezokuhlenga iMiami-Dade (FL). ufundisa izifundo zamaqhinga nezikhulu zebhizinisi kuyo yonke iNyakatho Melika.Ungumhleli wezobuchwepheshe kanye nelungu lebhodi labaluleki leFire Engineering kanye ne-FDIC International.
U-ENRIQUE PERA ungukaputeni kanye nomakadebona we-Miami-Dade (FL) Fire Rescue, ohola uhlelo lobuchwepheshe lokuhlenga. UyiTechnical Rescue Technician, u-Hazmat Technician, kanye Nochwepheshe Wezinto Ezisindayo Nokugqekeza we-USAR FL-TF1.Perea ufundisa zonke izici zemisebenzi ekhethekile yama-ejensi ahlukahlukene futhi ungumqeqeshi oyinhloko we-IAFF.Uneziqu ze-bachelor ku-civil engineering futhi wenza iziqu ze-master in structural engineering.
UBill Gustin uzokwethula “Ukusebenza Kwabasebenzi Abasanda Kukhushulelwa Ezinkampanini” ngoMsombuluko, Ephreli 25, 1:30-5:30 pm nangoLwesithathu, Ephreli 27, 3:30-5:15 pm, e-FDIC e-Indianapolis engqungqutheleni yamazwe ngamazwe ka-2022. .
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-24-2022