Eqinisweni, le ngxenye ayibukeki nhlobo sengathi yenziwe ngeshidi lensimbi. Amanye amaphrofayili anochungechunge lwezinotshi noma imifantu eyenza ingxenye ibukeke sengathi ibishisa bhe noma ikhishiwe, kodwa akunjalo. Lena iphrofayili eyenziwe kusetshenziswa inqubo ebandayo yokubumba emshinini wokwenza ama-roll, ubuchwepheshe amabhizinisi ase-Europe e-Welser Profile abuphelelise futhi anelungelo lobunikazi e-US nakwamanye amazwe. Wafaka isicelo sobunikazi bakhe bokuqala ngo-2007.
"U-Welser unamalungelo obunikazi okuqina, ukunciphisa kanye nokubandayo okwenza imifantu kumaphrofayili," kusho uJohnson. “Akuwona umshini, akuyona i-thermoforming. Bambalwa kakhulu abantu e-US abakwenzayo, noma bazame. ”
Njengoba ukwenza iphrofayela kuwubuchwepheshe obuvuthwe kakhulu, abaningi abalindele ukubona izimanga kule ndawo. Kwa-FABTECH®, abantu bayamamatheka futhi banikine amakhanda abo lapho bebona ama-fiber lasers anamandla esika ngesivinini esikhulu noma amasistimu okugoba azenzakalelayo alungisa ukungafani kwempahla. Ngayo yonke intuthuko kulobu buchwepheshe bokukhiqiza eminyakeni yamuva nje, bebelindele isimanga esijabulisayo. Babengalindele ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwama-roll kuzobamangaza. Kodwa, njengoba isitatimende sikanjiniyela esithi “ngibonise izimbali” sisikisela, ukwenza iphrofayela kusengaphezu kwalokho obekulindelekile.
Ngo-2018, uWelser wangena emakethe yaseMelika ngokutholwa kweSuperior Roll Forming eValley City, e-Ohio. UJohnson uthe lesi sinyathelo sinesu, hhayi nje ukwandisa ubukhona buka-Welser eNyakatho Melika, kodwa futhi ngoba i-Superior Roll Forming yabelana ngemibono eminingi ye-Welser yamasiko namasu.
Zombili izinkampani zihlose ukunqoba izindawo ezikhethekile ezimakethe ezibandayo nezincintisana nabo abambalwa. Zombili lezi zinhlangano zisebenzela ukuhlangabezana nesidingo semboni yesisindo esilula. Izingxenye zidinga ukwenza okwengeziwe, zibe namandla futhi zibe nesisindo esincane.
I-Superior igxile emkhakheni wezimoto; kuyilapho zombili izinkampani zisebenzela amakhasimende amaningi, i-Welser igxile kwezinye izimboni ezifana nezokwakha, ezolimo, i-solar kanye namashalofu. Isisindo esikhanyayo embonini yezimoto besilokhu sigxile ezintweni ezisezingeni eliphezulu, okubuye kube inzuzo ye-Superior. I-geometry elula yephrofayili egobile ayibonwa kuze kube yilapho onjiniyela bebona amandla wento egobile. Onjiniyela abasezingeni eliphakeme bavame ukuthuthukisa ingxenye yezinhlelo besebenzisa izinto eziqinile eziqinile ze-1400 noma i-1700 MPa. Lokho cishe kungama-250 KSI. EYurophu, onjiniyela be-Welser Profile baphinde babhekana nenkinga yokukhanya, kodwa ngaphezu kokusebenzisa izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, baphinde babhekana nokubunjwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Inqubo yokubumba ebandayo enelungelo lobunikazi ye-Welser Profile ifanele izinto ezinamandla aphansi, kodwa ijometri edalwe umshini wokwenza ama-roll isiza ukwehlisa isisindo sayo yonke inhlangano. I-geometry ingavumela iphrofayili ukuthi yenze imisebenzi eminingi ngenkathi yehlisa inani lezingxenye (ingasaphathwa imali esetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni). Isibonelo, ama-groove anephrofayili angakha ukuxhumana okuxhumene okuqeda ukushisela noma izinsimbi. Noma ukuma kwephrofayili kungenza sonke isakhiwo siqine. Mhlawumbe okubaluleke kakhulu, i-Welser ingakha amaphrofayili aminyene kwezinye izindawo futhi mancane kwezinye, anikeze amandla lapho kudingeka khona ngenkathi enciphisa isisindo sonke.
Onjiniyela bokubumba bendabuko nabaklami balandela umthetho wokucutshungulwa weminyaka eyishumi: gwema ama-radii amancane, amagatsha amafushane, ukugoba okungama-degree angu-90, amajiyometri ajulile angaphakathi, njll. "Impela, besihlala sino-90s onzima," kusho uJohnson.
Iphrofayili ibukeka njenge-extrusion, kodwa empeleni yakhiwe i-Welser Profile.
Kunjalo, onjiniyela bafuna ukuthi imishini eyenza ama-roll ephule le mithetho yokwenziwa, futhi kulapho amandla okwenza amathuluzi nobunjiniyela besitolo sokudayisa aqala khona ukusebenza. Onjiniyela abaqhubekayo bangaqhubekisela phambili inqubo (ukwenza ama-90-degree aminyene, amajiyometri angaphakathi ajule) kuyilapho benciphisa izindleko zamathuluzi nokucubungula ukuhlukahluka, umshini wokwenza ama-roll uzoba nokuncintisana kakhulu.
Kodwa njengoba uJohnson echaza, ukubanda kwakhe emshinini wokugaywa kungaphezu kwalokho. Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ingxenye yamaphrofayili onjiniyela abaningi abebengeke bawacabangele nokusebenzisa ukwenza iphrofayela. “Cabanga umucu weshidi lensimbi osudlule lapho kuginqika, mhlawumbe ugqinsi olungamasentimitha angu-0.100. Singenza i-T-slot enkabeni engezansi yale phrofayela. kumele zishiswe noma zenziwe ngomshini kuye ngokubekezelelana nezinye izidingo zengxenye, kodwa singayigingqa kalula le geometry.”
Imininingwane engemuva kwenqubo iyimpahla yenkampani futhi i-Welser ayilidaluli iphethini yembali. Kodwa uJohnson uveza isizathu sezinqubo eziningana.
Ake siqale sicabangele umsebenzi wokufaka isitembu emshinini wokunyathelisa. “Uma ucindezela, ubuye welule noma ucindezele. Ngakho-ke welula okokusebenza futhi ukuyise ezindaweni ezihlukene zethuluzi [ubuso], njengoba nje ugcwalisa irediyo ethuluzini. Kodwa [ekuphrofayilini] Le nqubo yokwakheka ebandayo] ifana nokugcwalisa i-radii kuma-steroids."
Ukusebenza okubandayo kuyaqinisa izinto ezindaweni ezithile, lokhu kungenziwa ukuze kuzuze umklami. Kodwa-ke, umshini wokwenza iphrofayela kufanele futhi ucabangele lezi zinguquko ezimpahleni ezibonakalayo. "Ungabona ukwanda okuphawulekayo ekusebenzeni, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kufike kumaphesenti angu-30," kusho uJohnson, enezela ukuthi lokhu kwanda kufanele kwakhelwe kuhlelo lokusebenza kusukela ekuqaleni.
Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka okubandayo kwephrofayela ye-Welser kungase kuhilele imisebenzi eyengeziwe njengokuthunga nokushisela. Njengokwenza iphrofayili evamile, ukubhoboza kungenziwa ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, noma ngemva kokwenza iphrofayela, kodwa amathuluzi asetshenziswayo kufanele acabangele imiphumela yokusebenza okubandayo kuyo yonke inqubo.
Impahla ebandayo esikhungweni saseYurophu sase-Welser Profile ayisondelene nokuqina njengempahla egoqelwe yamandla aphezulu esikhungweni sayo iSuperior, Ohio. Ngokuya ngesicelo, inkampani ingakhiqiza izinto zokwakha ezibandayo ngezingcindezi ezifika ku-450 MPa. Kodwa akukhona nje ngokukhetha impahla enamandla athile okuqina.
"Awukwazi ukwenza lokho ngezinto ezinamandla kakhulu, ezine-alloy ephansi," kusho uJohnson, enezela, "Sivame ukuthanda ukusebenzisa izinto ezinama-micro-alloyed, okusiza ukuvimbela ukuphuka. Ngokusobala, ukukhetha izinto ezibonakalayo kuyingxenye ebalulekile.”
Ukuze abonise izisekelo zenqubo, uJohnson uchaza ukwakheka kweshubhu le-telescoping. Ishubhu elilodwa lifakwa ngaphakathi kwelinye futhi alikwazi ukuzungezisa, ngakho ishubhu ngalinye linomsele onezimbambo endaweni ethile ezungeza isiyingi. Lezi akuzona nje iziqinisi ezine-radii, zibangela ukudlala okujikelezayo lapho ishubhu elilodwa lingena kwelinye. Lawa mashubhu okubekezelela okuqinile kufanele afakwe ngokunembile futhi ahoxiswe kahle ngokudlala okuncane okuzungezisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi obungaphandle bepayipi langaphandle kufanele bufane ncamashi, ngaphandle kwe-formwork protrusions kububanzi obungaphakathi. Kuze kube manje, la mashubhu anemifantu yangempela okuthi uma uqala nje ukuyibona ibonakale ikhishwe, kodwa ayikho. Akhiqizwa ngokwakhiwa okubandayo emishinini yokwenza ama-roll.
Ukwenza ama-grooves, ithuluzi eligoqayo linciphisa impahla ezindaweni ezithile eduze komjikelezo wepayipi. Onjiniyela baklama le nqubo ukuze bakwazi ukubikezela ngokunembile ukugeleza kwempahla ukusuka kule misele “ezacile” iye kuwo wonke umjikelezo wepayipi. Ukugeleza kwezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele kulawulwe ngokunembile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukushuba kodonga lwamapayipi okungaguquki phakathi kwalezi zindawo. Uma ubukhulu bodonga lwamapayipi bungashintshi, izingxenye ngeke zidle kahle.
Inqubo yokubumba ebandayo e-Welser Profile's European rollforming plant ivumela izingxenye ezithile ukuthi zenziwe zibe mncane, ezinye zibe zijiyile, futhi imisele ibekwe kwezinye izindawo.
Futhi, unjiniyela ubheka ingxenye futhi angase acabange ukuthi i-extrusion noma i-forging eshisayo, futhi lokho kuyinkinga nganoma ibuphi ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obudelela ukuhlakanipha okuvamile. Onjiniyela abaningi abazange bacabange ukuthuthukisa ingxenye enjalo, bekholelwa ukuthi izobiza kakhulu noma akunakwenzeka ukuyikhiqiza. Ngale ndlela, uJohnson nethimba lakhe abasabalalisi nje kuphela ngamakhono enqubo, kodwa futhi mayelana nezinzuzo zokuthola onjiniyela be-Welser Profile abathintekayo ekufakeni iphrofayela ekuqaleni kwenqubo yokuklama.
Onjiniyela abaklamayo basebenza ndawonye ekukhetheni impahla, ngokukhetha ukukhetha ukujiya nokuthuthukisa ukwakheka okusanhlamvu, okuqhutshwa kancane ngamathuluzi, kanye nalapho ukwakheka okubandayo (okungukuthi, ukujiya kanye nokuncipha) kwenzeka lapho kwakheka izimbali. iphrofayili ephelele. Lona umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunokumane uxhume izingxenye ze-modular zethuluzi eligoqayo (iphrofayili ye-Welser isebenzisa cishe amathuluzi ayi-modular kuphela).
Njengoba inabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-2,500 kanye nolayini abakha amaroli angaphezu kuka-90, i-Welser ingenye yezinkampani ezinkulu ezakha amaroli omndeni emhlabeni wonke, enabasebenzi abaningi abazinikele kumathuluzi nonjiniyela abasebenzisa amathuluzi afanayo asesetshenziswe kuze kube manje. iminyaka eminingi Die library. Iphrofayili yamaphrofayili angaphezu kuka-22,500 ahlukene.
"Njengamanje sinamathuluzi amarola angaphezu kuka-700,000 esitokweni," kusho uJohnson.
“Abakhi bemishini babengazi ukuthi kungani sasicela ukucaciswa okuthile, kodwa bahlangabezana nezimfuneko zethu,” kusho uJohnson, enezela ukuthi “lokhu kulungiswa okungajwayelekile” embonini kwasiza u-Welser ukuba athuthukise inqubo yawo yokwakheka okubandayo.
Ngakho-ke, u-Welzer unesikhathi esingakanani ebhizinisini lensimbi? Amamatheke uJohnson. “O, cishe njalo.” Wayezincokolela nje. Isisekelo sale nkampani sisukela ngo-1664. “Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, inkampani isebhizinisini lensimbi. Yaqala njengesisekelo futhi yaqala ukugoqa futhi yakha ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950 futhi ibilokhu ikhula kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. ”
Umndeni wakwaWelser usuphathe ibhizinisi izizukulwane eziyi-11. "Isikhulu esiphezulu nguThomas Welser," kusho uJohnson. "Umkhulu wakhe waqala inkampani yokwenza amaphrofayili futhi uyise empeleni wayengusomabhizinisi owandisa ubukhulu nobubanzi bebhizinisi." Namuhla, imali engenayo yonyaka emhlabeni wonke idlula amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-700.
UJohnson waqhubeka, “Ngenkathi ubaba kaThomas akha inkampani e-Europe, uThomas wayegxile kakhulu kwezokuthengisa nokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi kwamanye amazwe. Ubona sengathi yisizukulwane sakhe lesi futhi sekuyisikhathi sokuthi athathe inkampani emhlabeni jikelele.”
Ukuthengwa kwe-Superior bekuyingxenye yalelisu, enye ingxenye kwaba ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe bokugoqa okubandayo e-US. Ngesikhathi sokubhala, inqubo yokubumba ebandayo yenzeka ezikhungweni zase-Welser Profile zase-Europe, lapho inkampani ithumela khona imikhiqizo ezimakethe zomhlaba. Azikho izinhlelo zokuletha ubuchwepheshe e-US ezimenyezelwe, okungenani okwamanje. UJohnson uthe, njengakho konke okunye, umshini wokugaya uhlela ukwandisa umthamo ngokuya ngesidingo.
Iphethini yezimbali yephrofayili ye-roll yendabuko ibonisa izigaba zokubunjwa kwempahla njengoba idlula esiteshini. Ngenxa yokuthi imininingwane engemuva kwenqubo ebandayo ye-Welser Profile iwubunikazi, ayikhiqizi imiklamo yezimbali.
Iphrofayela ye-Welser kanye nenkampani engaphansi kwayo i-Superior inikeza iphrofayela yendabuko, kodwa zombili zisebenza ngokukhethekile ezindaweni lapho kungadingeki khona ukucaciswa. Ku-Superior, lokhu kuyizinto eziphakeme kakhulu, ku-Welser Profile, ukubunjwa kuyisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi esivame ukuncintisana hhayi neminye imishini yokugoqa, kodwa nge-extruders nezinye izinto zokukhiqiza ezikhethekile.
Eqinisweni, uJohnson uthe iqembu lakhe lilandela isu le-aluminium extruder. “Ekuqaleni kwawo-1980, izinkampani ze-aluminium zeza emakethe zathi, 'Uma ungayiphupha, singayikhama.' Babenekhono kakhulu ekunikezeni izinketho zonjiniyela. Uma ukwazi ukuphupha ngakho, ukhokha imali encane ngokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi. Singayikhiqiza ngemali ekhokhwayo. Lokhu kukhulula onjiniyela ngoba bangakwazi ukudweba noma yini ngokoqobo. Manje senza into efanayo - manje kuphela ngokwenza iphrofayela.
U-Tim Heston unguMhleli Omkhulu we-FABRICATOR Magazine futhi ubesembonini yokwenziwa kwensimbi kusukela ngo-1998, waqala umsebenzi wakhe nge-Welding Magazine ye-American Welding Society. Kusukela lapho, uye waphatha yonke inqubo yokwenziwa kwensimbi, kusukela ekugxivizeni, ekugobeni nasekusikeni kuya ekugayeni nasekupholishweni. Ujoyine i-FABRICATOR ngo-Okthoba 2007.
I-FABRICATOR ingumagazini ohamba phambili wokugxiviza nowokwenziwa kwensimbi eNyakatho Melika. Umagazini ushicilela izindaba, izindatshana zobuchwepheshe kanye nezindaba zempumelelo ezenza abakhiqizi bakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wabo ngempumelelo. U-FABRICATOR ubekulo mkhakha kusukela ngo-1970.
Ukufinyelela okugcwele kwedijithali ku-FABRICATOR manje kuyatholakala, okuhlinzeka ngokufinyelela okulula kwezinsiza ezibalulekile zemboni.
Ukufinyelela okugcwele kwedijithali kumagazini we-Tubing manje sekuyatholakala, okukunikeza ukufinyelela okulula kuzinsiza ezibalulekile zemboni.
Ukufinyelela okudijithali okugcwele kwe-The Fabricator en Español manje sekuyatholakala, okuhlinzeka ngokufinyelela okulula kuzinsiza ezibalulekile zemboni.
Selokhu asungula iDetroit Bus Company ngo-2011, u-Andy Didoroshi uqhubekile nokusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka…
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-22-2023