Kunezindlela eziningana zokugoqa noma ukusabalalisa udebe engxenyeni ye-cylindrical. Isibonelo, lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa umshini wokunyathelisa noma umshini wokubumba we-orbital. Kodwa-ke, inkinga ngalezi zinqubo (ikakhulukazi eyokuqala) ukuthi zidinga amandla amaningi.
Lokhu akulungile ezingxenyeni ezinodonga oluncane noma izingxenye ezenziwe ngezinto ezidonsa kancane. Kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, kuvela indlela yesithathu: ukwenza iphrofayela.
Njengokwakheka kwe-orbital ne-radial, ukugoqa kuyinqubo engenamthelela yokwenza okubandayo kwensimbi. Kodwa-ke, esikhundleni sokwenza ikhanda leposi noma i-rivet, le nqubo idala ukugoqa noma unqenqema onqenqemeni noma unqenqema lwesiqephu esiyisilinda esingenalutho. Lokhu kungenziwa ukuze kuvikelwe ingxenye eyodwa (efana nebhere noma ikepisi) ngaphakathi kwenye ingxenye, noma nje ukwelapha isiphetho seshubhu lensimbi ukuze kuphephe kakhudlwana, kuthuthukiswe ukubukeka kwayo, noma kube lula ukufaka ishubhu. phakathi kwepayipi lensimbi. enye ingxenye.
Ekwakhekeni kwe-orbital kanye ne-radial, ikhanda lakhiwa kusetshenziswa inhloko yesando enamathiselwe ku-spindle ejikelezayo, ngesikhathi esisodwa efaka amandla abheke phansi endaweni yokusebenza. Lapho uphrofayili, kusetshenziswa ama-roller amaningana esikhundleni sama-nozzles. Ikhanda lizungeza ku-300 kuya ku-600 rpm, futhi iphasi ngayinye ye-roller iphusha kancane futhi ibushelelezi into ibe yisimo esingenamthungo, esiqinile. Uma kuqhathaniswa, imisebenzi yokwakha ithrekhi ivamise ukuqhutshwa ngo-1200 rpm.
”Izindlela ze-Orbital ne-radial zingcono kakhulu kuma-rivets aqinile. Kungcono ezingxenyeni zamashubhu,” kusho uTim Lauritzen, unjiniyela wezinhlelo zemikhiqizo kwaBalTec Corp.
Ama-roller anqamula ucezu lokusebenza ngomugqa oqondile wokuxhumana, kancane kancane alolonge izinto zibe yisimo esifisayo. Le nqubo ithatha cishe isekhondi elingu-1 ukuya kwangu-6.
“[Isikhathi sokubumba] sincike ezintweni ezibonakalayo, ukuthi idinga ukugudluzwa kude kangakanani nokuthi iyiphi i-geometry edinga ukwakha,” kusho uBrian Wright, iphini likamongameli wezokuthengisa e-Orbitform Group. “Kufanele ucabange ukushuba kodonga namandla aqinile epayipi.”
Umqulu ungakhiwa ukusuka phezulu kuye phansi, phansi kuya phezulu noma emaceleni. Okudingekayo kuphela ukuhlinzeka ngendawo eyanele yamathuluzi.
Le nqubo ingakhiqiza izinto ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ithusi, ithusi, i-aluminium ekhonjiwe, insimbi emnene, i-carbon steel ephezulu, nensimbi engagqwali.
"I-aluminium eyi-cast iyinto enhle yokwenza ama-roll ngoba ukuguga kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa," kusho u-Lauritzen. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyaye kudingeke ukuthi kugcotshwe izinsimbi ukuze kunciphe ukuguga. Eqinisweni, sesenze uhlelo olugcoba amarola njengoba elolonga izinto.”
Ukwakhiwa kwamaroli kungasetshenziswa ukwenza izindonga ezinogqinsi oluyi-intshi engu-0.03 kuya ku-0.12. Ububanzi bamashubhu buhluka kusuka ku-0.5 kuya ku-18 amayintshi. "Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ziphakathi kuka-1 no-6 amayintshi ububanzi," kusho u-Wright.
Ngenxa yengxenye ye-torque eyengeziwe, ukwakhiwa kwe-roll kudinga amandla aphansi angu-20% aphansi ukuze kwakheke i-curl noma umphetho kune-crimper. Ngakho-ke, le nqubo ifanele izinto ezibuthakathaka njenge-aluminium ekhonjiwe kanye nezingxenye ezibucayi njengezinzwa.
“Uma ubungasebenzisa umshini wokunyathelisa ukuze wakhe ukuhlanganiswa kweshubhu, uzodinga amandla aphindwe kahlanu kunawo wonke angathi uzosebenzisa ukwenza ama-roll,” kusho uWright. “Amandla aphezulu andisa kakhulu ingozi yokunwetshwa kwamapayipi noma ukugotshwa, ngakho amathuluzi manje aya eba yinkimbinkimbi futhi ayabiza.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamakhanda ama-roller: amakhanda ama-roller amile namakhanda aphikisiwe. Izihloko ezimile yizona ezivame kakhulu. Inamasondo okuskrola abheke phezulu endaweni esethiwe. Amandla okwakha asetshenziswa ngokuma ku-workpiece.
Ngokuphambene, ikhanda le-pivot linamarola aqondile aqondile agxunyekwe kumaphini anyakaza ngokuhambisanayo, njengemihlathi ye-chuck yomshini wokubhoboza. Iminwe ihambisa i-roller nge-radially ku-workpiece ebunjiwe ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo ifaka umthwalo wokubopha ekuhlanganiseni. Lolu hlobo lwekhanda luwusizo uma izingxenye zomhlangano ziphuma ngaphezu kwembobo ephakathi.
"Lolu hlobo lusebenza ngamandla avela ngaphandle," kuchaza uWright. “Ungangena ngaphakathi noma udale izinto ezifana nama-O-ring grooves noma ama-undercuts. Ikhanda lokushayela livele lihambise ithuluzi phezulu naphansi eduze kwe-eksisi ye-Z. "
Inqubo yokwenza i-pivot roller ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa amapayipi ukuze afakwe ukufaka. "Le nqubo isetshenziselwa ukudala i-groove ngaphandle kwengxenye kanye ne-ridge ehambisanayo ngaphakathi kwengxenye esebenza njengesitobhi esiqinile sokuthwala," kuchaza u-Wright. “Khona-ke, lapho i-bearing isingenile, ulolonga isiphetho seshubhu ukuze uvikele ukuthwala. Esikhathini esedlule, abakhiqizi bekufanele basike ihlombe eshubhuni njengesitobhi esiqinile. ”
Uma ifakwe isethi eyengeziwe yamarola angaphakathi alungiseka aqonde phezulu, ilunga elijikayo lingakha kokubili ububanzi bangaphandle nangaphakathi bocezu lokusebenza.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-static noma ichazwe, umhlangano ngamunye we-roller kanye nekhanda le-roller ngokwezifiso zenzelwe uhlelo oluthile. Noma kunjalo, ikhanda le-roller lishintshwa kalula. Eqinisweni, umshini ofanayo oyisisekelo ungenza ukwakhiwa kwesitimela nokugingqika. Futhi njengokwakheka kwe-orbital kanye ne-radial, ukwakheka kweroli kungenziwa njengenqubo ezimele yodwa ye-semi-automated noma ihlanganiswe ohlelweni lokuhlanganisa oluzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele.
Amarola enziwe ngensimbi yamathuluzi aqinile futhi ngokuvamile asukela ku-1 kuye ku-1.5 amayintshi ububanzi, kusho uLauritzen. Inombolo yama-roller ekhanda incike ekugqimeni nasekusetshenzisweni kwengxenye, kanye nenani lamandla asetshenzisiwe. Okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ama-roller amathathu. Izingxenye ezincane zingadinga ama-roller amabili kuphela, kuyilapho izingxenye ezinkulu kakhulu zingadinga eziyisithupha.
"Kuya ngohlelo lokusebenza, kuye ngobukhulu nobubanzi bengxenye nokuthi ufuna ukuhambisa kangakanani impahla," kusho u-Wright.
“Amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nanhlanu ezicelo anomoya,” kusho uWright. "Uma udinga ukunemba okuphezulu noma umsebenzi wegumbi elihlanzekile, udinga amasistimu kagesi."
Kwezinye izimo, amaphedi okucindezela angase akhelwe ohlelweni ukuze afake ukulayisha kwangaphambili engxenyeni ngaphambi kokubunjwa. Kwezinye izimo, i-linear variable differential transformer ingakhiwa kuphedi yokubopha ukuze kukalwe ubude besitaki bengxenye ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa njengokuhlola ikhwalithi.
Okuguquguqukayo okubalulekile kule nqubo amandla e-axial, amandla e-radial (esimeni sokwakheka kwe-roller eshiwo), i-torque, isivinini sokujikeleza, isikhathi kanye nokufuduka. Lezi zilungiselelo zizohluka ngokuya ngosayizi wengxenye, okubalulekile, namandla ebhondi. Njengokucindezela, ukusebenza kwe-orbital kanye ne-radial forming, amasistimu okwakha angahlonyiswa ukukala amandla kanye nokugudluzwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Abahlinzeki bezinto zokusebenza banganikeza isiqondiso kumapharamitha afanelekile kanye nesiqondiso sokuklama ingxenye yejiyomethri ye-preform. Umgomo uwukuba impahla ilandele indlela yokumelana okuncane. Ukunyakaza kwezinto akumele kudlule ibanga elidingekayo ukuze uvikele uxhumano.
Embonini yezimoto, le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa ama-valve e-solenoid, ama-sensor housings, abalandeli be-cam, amalunga ebhola, izinto ezithinta ukushaqeka, izihlungi, amaphampu kawoyela, amaphampu amanzi, amaphampu evacuum, ama-hydraulic valves, ama-tie rods, ama-airbag ahlanganayo, izinsika zokuqondisa, kanye ama-antistatic shock absorbers Vimba inqwaba yamabhuleki.
“Muva nje sisanda kusebenzela isicelo lapho senze khona ikepisi ye-chrome phezu kokufakwa okunentambo ukuze sihlanganise inadi lekhwalithi ephezulu,” kusho u-Lauritzen.
Umnikezeli wezimoto usebenzisa ukwakhiwa kwama-roll ukuze avikele ama-bearings ngaphakathi kwendlu yephampu ye-aluminium esakazwayo. Inkampani isebenzisa izindandatho zokugcina ukuze ivikele ama-bearings. Ukugingqa kudala ilunga eliqinile futhi konga izindleko zendandatho, kanye nesikhathi nezindleko zokugudla iringi.
Embonini yemishini yezokwelapha, iphrofayili isetshenziselwa ukwenza amalunga okufakelwa kanye namathiphu e-catheter. Embonini kagesi, iphrofayili isetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa amamitha, amasokhethi, ama-capacitor namabhethri. Abahlanganisi be-Aerospace basebenzisa ukwakheka kwe-roll ukukhiqiza ama-bearings nama-poppet valves. Lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswa ngisho nokwenza abakaki bezitofu zasekamu, izinqamuli zetafula, nezixhumi zamapayipi.
Cishe u-98% wokukhiqiza e-United States uvela emabhizinisini amancane naphakathi nendawo. Joyina u-Greg Whitt, Umphathi Wokuthuthukisa Inqubo kumkhiqizi we-RV uMORryde, noRyan Kuhlenbeck, oyi-CEO ye-Pico MES, njengoba bexoxa ngokuthi amabhizinisi aphakathi nendawo angasuka kanjani ekukhiqizeni okwenziwa ngesandla aye kwedijithali, aqale phansi esitolo.
Umphakathi wethu ubhekene nezinselelo ezingakaze zibonwe kwezomnotho, ezenhlalo nezemvelo. Umxhumanisi wabaphathi nombhali u-Olivier Larue ukholelwa ukuthi isisekelo sokuxazulula eziningi zalezi zinkinga singatholakala endaweni emangalisayo: iToyota Production System (TPS).
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-09-2023