Umfanekiso 1. Ekugobeni kwe-CNC, okwaziwa ngokujwayelekile njengokugoba kwephaneli, insimbi iyaboshelwa endaweni futhi izindwani zokugoba phezulu naphansi zakha ama-flange amahle futhi angalungile.
Isitolo sensimbi esijwayelekile singaba nenhlanganisela yezinhlelo zokugoba. Yebo, imishini yokugoba iyona evame kakhulu, kodwa ezinye izitolo zitshala imali kwezinye izinhlelo zokwakha njengokugoba nokugoqa amaphaneli. Zonke lezi zinhlelo zenza kube lula ukwakheka kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile.
Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi yeshidi ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi nakho kuyathuthuka. Izimboni ezinjalo azisadingi ukuthembela kumathuluzi aqondene nomkhiqizo othile. Manje sebenomugqa we-modular waso sonke isidingo sokwakheka, okuhlanganisa ukugoba kwephaneli nezinhlobonhlobo zomumo ozenzakalelayo, kusukela ekwakhekeni kwekhona kuye ekucindezelweni nasekugoqeni. Cishe wonke lawa mamojula asebenzisa amathuluzi amancane, aqondene nomkhiqizo ukuze enze imisebenzi yawo.
Imigqa yesimanje yokugoba yensimbi ezenzakalelayo isebenzisa umqondo ojwayelekile "wokugoba". Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi banikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokugoba ngale kwalokho okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukugoba kwephaneli, okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi yi-CNC bending.
Ukugoba kwe-CNC (bona izibalo 1 no-2) kusengenye yezinqubo ezivame kakhulu emigqeni yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo. Amaphaneli ahanjiswa endaweni kusetshenziswa ingalo yerobhothi (enesici “semilenze” ebamba futhi inyakaze amaphaneli) noma ibhande elikhethekile lokuhambisa. Amaconveyor ajwayele ukusebenza kahle uma amashidi ayesikwe ngezimbobo ngaphambilini, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi irobhothi lihambe.
Iminwe emibili iphuma phansi ukuze imise ingxenye ngaphambi kokugoba. Ngemuva kwalokho, ishidi lihlala ngaphansi kwe-clamp, eyehlisa futhi ilungise i-workpiece endaweni. I-blade ejika ukusuka ngezansi iya phezulu, idale ijika eliphozithivu, futhi inkemba ejika ukusuka phezulu idala ijika eliyinegethivu.
Cabanga nge-bender njenge-"C" enkulu enamahlombe aphezulu naphansi kuzo zombili iziphetho. Ubude beshelufu obukhulu bunqunywa intamo ngemuva kwe-blade egobile noma ngemuva kwe-"C".
Le nqubo inyusa isivinini sokugoba. I-flange evamile, enhle noma engalungile, ingakhiwa ngesigamu somzuzwana. Ukunyakaza kwe-blade egobile kuyashintshashintsha ngokungenamkhawulo, okukuvumela ukuthi udale izimo eziningi, kusukela kokulula kuye kokuyinkimbinkimbi ngendlela emangalisayo. Iphinde ivumele uhlelo lwe-CNC ukuthi luguqule i-radius yangaphandle yokugoba ngokushintsha indawo eqondile yepuleti eligobile. Lapho okufakwayo kusondele ethuluzini lokubopha, i-radius yangaphandle yengxenye icishe iphindwe kabili kunogqinsi lwento.
Lokhu kulawula okuguquguqukayo kuhlinzeka ngokuguquguquka uma kuziwa ekulandeleni kokugoba. Kwezinye izimo, uma ukugoba kokugcina ohlangothini olulodwa kunegethivu (ezansi), i-blade egobayo ingasuswa futhi umshini wokuhambisa uphakamise ucezu lokusebenza bese uluhambisa phansi nomfula.
Ukugoba kwephaneli evamile kunobubi, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa emsebenzini obalulekile wobuhle. Izindwani ezigobile zivame ukuhamba ngendlela yokuthi ichopho lensingo lingahlali endaweni eyodwa phakathi nomjikelezo wokugoba. Esikhundleni salokho, ijwayele ukuhudula kancane, ngendlela efanayo ishidi elihudulwa ngalo endaweni engasehlombe ngesikhathi somjikelezo wokugoba webhuleki (nakuba ekugobeni kwephaneli, ukumelana kwenzeka kuphela lapho i-blade egobayo kanye nengxenye yephoyinti-kuya-phuzu lokuxhumana. indawo yangaphandle).
Faka ukugoba okujikelezayo, okufana nokugoqa emshinini ohlukile (bheka umdwebo 3). Phakathi nale nqubo, ugongolo olugobayo luyazungeziswa ukuze ithuluzi lihlale lithintana njalo nendawo eyodwa endaweni engaphandle yendawo yokusebenza. Izinhlelo eziningi zesimanje zokugoba ezishintshayo ezizenzakalelayo zingaklanywa ngendlela yokuthi i-swivel beam ikwazi ukugoba phezulu naphansi njengoba kudingwa uhlelo lokusebenza. Okusho ukuthi, zingazungeziswa phezulu ukuze zenze i-flange eqondile, ibekwe kabusha ukuze ijikeleze i-eksisi entsha, bese igoba i-flange eyinegethivu (futhi ngokuphambene nalokho).
Umfanekiso 2. Esikhundleni sengalo yerobhothi evamile, leli seli eligobayo lephaneli lisebenzisa ibhande elikhethekile lokuthutha ukuze lilawule ucezu lokusebenza.
Eminye imisebenzi yokugoba ejikelezayo, eyaziwa ngokuthi ukugoba okuphindwe kabili, isebenzisa imishayo emibili ukuze idale umumo okhethekile onjengomumo ongu-Z ohlanganisa ukugoba okuphozithiyo nokunegethivu. Amasistimu e-single-beam angakwazi ukugoqa lezi zimo ngokusebenzisa ukuzungezisa, kodwa ukufinyelela kuyo yonke imigqa egoqiwe kudinga ukujika ishidi. Isistimu yokugoba ye-pivot ye-double beam ivumela ukufinyelela kuyo yonke imigqa yokugoba ku-Z-bend ngaphandle kokuphendula ishidi.
Ukugoba okuzungezayo kunemikhawulo yakho. Uma ijometri eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu idingeka kuhlelo lokusebenza oluzenzakalelayo, ukugoba kwe-CNC ngokunyakaza okungalungiseka okungenamkhawulo kwama-goba ama-blades kuyinketho engcono kakhulu.
Inkinga ye-rotation kink nayo iyenzeka lapho i-kink yokugcina ingalungile. Ngenkathi izindwani zokugoba ekugobeni kwe-CNC zingaya emuva nangaseceleni, imishayo egobayo ephendukayo ayikwazi ukuhamba ngale ndlela. Ukugoba kokugcina okuyinegethivu kudinga ukuthi kube nomuntu owuphusha ngokomzimba. Nakuba lokhu kungenzeka kumasistimu adinga ukungenelela komuntu, ngokuvamile akwenzeki emigqeni yokugoba ezenzakalelayo.
Imigqa ezenzakalelayo ayikhawulelwe ekugobeni kwephaneli nokugoqa - lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukugoba okuvundlile", lapho ishidi lihlala liyisicaba futhi amashalofu agoqwe phezulu noma phansi. Ezinye izinqubo zokubumba zandisa amathuba. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imisebenzi eyisipesheli ehlanganisa i-press braking kanye nokugoba kwe-roll. Le nqubo yasungulelwa ukwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo efana namabhokisi ama-roller shutter (bheka izibalo 4 no-5).
Cabanga ukuthi ucezu lomsebenzi luthuthwa luyiswe esiteshini esigobayo. Iminwe ishelelezisa ucezu lokusebenza eceleni kwetafula lebhulashi naphakathi kwesibhakela esingaphezulu nesingezansi. Njengezinye izinqubo zokugoba ezizenzakalelayo, ucezu lokusebenza lugxile futhi isilawuli siyazi ukuthi umugqa ogoqekayo ukuphi, ngakho asikho isidingo se-backgauge ngemuva kwefasitela.
Ukuze wenze ukugoba ngebhuleki lokucindezela, i-punch yehliselwa ku-die, ukugoba kwenziwa, bese iminwe iqhubekisela phambili ishidi emgqeni wokugoba olandelayo, njengoba nje u-opharetha engenza phambi kwebhuleki lokucindezela. Umsebenzi ungase futhi wenze ukugoba okunomthelela (okubuye kwaziwe njengokugoba kwesinyathelo) eduze kwerediyasi, njengasemshinini wokugoba ojwayelekile.
Kunjalo, njengebhuleki lokucindezela, ukugoba udebe kulayini wokukhiqiza ozenzakalelayo kushiya umkhondo womugqa wokugoba. Ngokugoba ngerediya enkulu, ukusebenzisa ukungqubuzana kuphela kungandisa isikhathi somjikelezo.
Yilapho isici sokugoba i-roll siqala ukusebenza khona. Lapho i-punch nokufa kusesimweni esithile, ithuluzi liphenduka ngempumelelo libe i-bender yepayipi le-roll. Isihloko se-punch ephezulu "i-roller" ephezulu futhi amathebhu we-V-die ephansi angama-roller amabili aphansi. Iminwe yomshini iphusha ishidi, idale irediyasi. Ngemva kokugoba nokugingqika, i-punch ephezulu iya phezulu futhi iphume endleleni, ishiya indawo yokuthi iminwe iphushele ingxenye ebunjiwe iphume endaweni yokusebenza.
Ukugoba kumasistimu azenzakalelayo kungakha ngokushesha amajika amakhulu, abanzi. Kodwa kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza kukhona indlela esheshayo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-flexible variable radius. Lena inqubo yobunikazi eyasungulwa ekuqaleni yezingxenye ze-aluminium embonini yokukhanyisa (bheka uMdwebo 6).
Ukuze uthole umbono wenqubo, cabanga ngalokho okwenzeka kutheyiphu uma uyislayida phakathi kweblade yesikelo nesithupha sakho. Uyasonta. Umbono ofanayo oyisisekelo uyasebenza ekugobeni kwerediyasi eguquguqukayo, ukuthinta nje okulula, okuthambile kwethuluzi futhi irediyasi yakheka ngendlela elawulwa kakhulu.
Umfanekiso 3. Uma ugoba noma ugoqa ngokujikeleza, ugongolo olugobayo luzungezwa ukuze ithuluzi lihlale lithintana nendawo eyodwa endaweni yangaphandle yeshidi.
Cabanga ngesikhala esincane esigxilile esinento ezobunjwa isekelwe ngokugcwele ngaphansi. Ithuluzi lokugoba liyehliswa, licindezelwe ngokumelene nokokusebenza futhi liqhubekele phambili ku-gripper ebambe ucezu lokusebenza. Ukunyakaza kwethuluzi kudala ukungezwani futhi kubangela ukuthi insimbi "isonteke" ngemuva kwayo nge-radius ethile. Amandla ethuluzi asebenza ensimbi anquma inani lengcindezi ebangwayo kanye nerediyasi ewumphumela. Ngalokhu kunyakaza, isistimu yokugoba engaba eguquguqukayo ingakha ukugoba okukhulu kwerediyasi ngokushesha okukhulu. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi ithuluzi elilodwa lingakha noma iyiphi i-radius (futhi, umumo unqunywa ingcindezi ithuluzi elisebenza ngayo, hhayi umumo), inqubo ayidingi amathuluzi akhethekile ukugoba umkhiqizo.
Ukubumba amakhona ngeshidi lensimbi kunikeza inselele eyingqayizivele. Ukusungulwa kwenqubo ezenzakalelayo yemakethe yephaneli ye-facade (cladding). Le nqubo iqeda isidingo sokushisela futhi ikhiqiza imiphetho egobile kahle, ebalulekile ezidingweni eziphezulu zezimonyo ezifana nama-facade (bheka umdwebo 7).
Uqala ngesimo esingenalutho esinqunyiwe ukuze inani elifunekayo lempahla libekwe ekhoneni ngalinye. Imojula yokugoba ekhethekile idala inhlanganisela yamakhona acijile kanye nerediya ebushelelezi kumaflange aseduze, idale ukunwetshwa “okugoba ngaphambili” kokwakhiwa kwamakhona okulandelayo. Ekugcineni, ithuluzi lokubeka amakhona (elihlanganiswe endaweni efanayo noma kwenye indawo yokusebenza) lidala amakhona.
Uma ulayini wokukhiqiza ozenzakalelayo usufakiwe, ngeke ube yitshe lesikhumbuzo elingenakunyakaziswa. Kufana nokwakha ngezitini ze-Lego. Amasayithi angengezwa, ahlelwe kabusha, futhi aklanywe kabusha. Cabanga ukuthi ingxenye yomhlangano ngaphambilini ibidinga ukushisela okwesibili ekhoneni. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwenziwa kanye nokunciphisa izindleko, onjiniyela bashiya izinto zokushisela futhi baklama kabusha izingxenye ezinamajoyinti acijile. Kulokhu, isiteshi se-riveting esizenzakalelayo singangezwa kumugqa wokugoqa. Futhi njengoba umugqa uyi-modular, awudingi ukudilizwa ngokuphelele. Kufana nokwengeza olunye ucezu lwe-LEGO kulo lonke elikhudlwana.
Konke lokhu kwenza i-automation ibe yingozi kangako. Cabanga ngomugqa wokukhiqiza oklanyelwe ukukhiqiza inqwaba yezingxenye ezihlukene ngokulandelana. Uma lo mugqa usebenzisa amathuluzi aqondene nomkhiqizo futhi umugqa womkhiqizo ushintsha, izindleko zamathuluzi zingaba phezulu kakhulu uma kubhekwa inkimbinkimbi yomugqa.
Kodwa ngamathuluzi aguquguqukayo, imikhiqizo emisha ingase idinge izinkampani ukuthi zihlele kabusha izitini ze-Lego. Engeza amabhlogo athile lapha, hlela kabusha amanye lapho, futhi ungagijima futhi. Yebo, akulula kangako, kodwa ukulungisa kabusha umugqa wokukhiqiza akuwona umsebenzi onzima futhi.
I-Lego isingathekiso esifanele semigqa ye-autoflex ngokuvamile, noma ngabe ibhekene nenkatho noma amasethi. Bafinyelela amazinga okusebenza omugqa wokukhiqiza ngamathuluzi aqondene nomkhiqizo kodwa ngaphandle kwamathuluzi aqondene nomkhiqizo othile.
Wonke amafekthri ahloselwe ukukhiqiza ngobuningi, futhi ukuwenza abe ukukhiqizwa okuphelele akulula. Ukuhlela kabusha isitshalo sonke kungadinga ukuvala shaqa isikhathi eside, okubiza kakhulu esitshalweni esikhiqiza amakhulu ezinkulungwane noma izigidi zamayunithi ngonyaka.
Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izinto ezinkulu zokugoba amashidi ensimbi, ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezintsha ezisebenzisa isileyithi esisha, sekungenzeka ukuthi kwakhiwe imiqulu emikhulu ngokusekelwe kumathuluzi. Ngohlelo lokusebenza olulungile, imivuzo ingaba mikhulu. Eqinisweni, umkhiqizi oyedwa waseYurophu unciphise izikhathi zokuhola kusukela emasontweni angu-12 kuya osukwini olulodwa.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwe-batch-to-kit akuwenzi umqondo ezitshalweni ezikhona. Phela, ukunciphisa izikhathi zokuhola kusukela emavikini kuya emahoreni kuzoletha inzuzo enkulu ekutshalweni kwezimali. Kodwa kumabhizinisi amaningi, izindleko zangaphambili zingase zibe phezulu kakhulu ukuthatha lesi sinyathelo. Nokho, emigqeni emisha noma emisha ngokuphelele, ukukhiqizwa okusekelwe kukhithi kwenza umqondo wezomnotho.
Ilayisi. 4 Kulo mshini wokugoba ohlanganisiwe kanye nemojula yokwakha i-roll, ishidi lingabekwa futhi ligotshwe phakathi kwe-punch ne-die. Kumodi yokugoqa, i-punch kanye ne-die kumiswa ukuze impahla iphushwe ukuze yakhe irediyasi.
Lapho uklama ulayini wokukhiqiza wevolumu ephezulu osuselwa kumakhithi, cabangela ngokucophelela indlela yokuphakela. Imigqa egobayo ingaklanywa ukuthi yamukele okubalulekile kumakhoyili. Impahla izoqaqa, yenziwe isicaba, isikwe ngobude futhi idluliswe kumojula yokugxiviza bese kuba ngamamojula ahlukene okwenza aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile umkhiqizo owodwa noma umndeni womkhiqizo.
Konke lokhu kuzwakala kusebenza kahle kakhulu - futhi okokucubungula iqoqo. Kodwa-ke, kuvame ukungenzeki ukuguqula umugqa wokugoba ube ukukhiqizwa kwekhithi. Ukwakha ngokulandelanayo isethi ehlukile yezingxenye cishe kuzodinga izinto zokwakha zamabanga ahlukene nogqinsi, okudinga ukushintsha ama-spool. Lokhu kungabangela isikhathi sokuphumula esingafika emaminithini angu-10 - isikhathi esifushane sokukhiqiza inqwaba ephezulu/ephansi, kodwa isikhathi esiningi somugqa wokugoba wesivinini esikhulu.
Umbono ofanayo uyasebenza kuzitaki ezivamile, lapho indlela yokumunca icosha izingcezu zokusebenza ngazinye futhi izinikeze umugqa wokugxiviza nokwenza. Ngokuvamile banendawo yosayizi owodwa wocezu lokusebenza noma mhlawumbe iziqephu ezimbalwa zokusebenza zamajometri ahlukene.
Ezintanjeni eziningi eziguquguqukayo ezisekelwe kit, uhlelo lwamashelufu lufaneleka kakhulu. Umbhoshongo we-rack ungagcina inqwaba yosayizi abahlukahlukene bezinto zokusebenza, ezingafakwa emgqeni wokukhiqiza ngamunye ngamunye njengoba kudingeka.
Ukukhiqizwa okusekelwe kit okuzenzakalelayo nakho kudinga izinqubo ezinokwethenjelwa, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekubumbeni. Noma ubani oke wasebenza emkhakheni wokugoba insimbi uyazi ukuthi izakhiwo zeshidi lensimbi zihlukile. Ubukhulu, kanye namandla okuqina nobulukhuni, kungahluka kuye ngokuthile, konke okushintsha izici zokubumba.
Lokhu akuyona inkinga enkulu ngokuqoqwa okuzenzakalelayo kwemigqa egoqiwe. Imikhiqizo kanye nemigqa yokukhiqiza ehlotshaniswa nayo ivamise ukudizayinelwa ukuvumela ukuhlukahluka kokubalulekile, ngakho-ke yonke inqwaba kufanele ibe ngaphakathi kokucaciswayo. Kodwa futhi, ngezinye izikhathi izinto ezibonakalayo zishintsha kangangokuthi umugqa awukwazi ukunxephezela. Kulezi zimo, uma usika futhi ulolonge izingxenye eziyi-100 futhi izingxenye ezimbalwa ziphumile ekucacisweni, ungamane usebenzise izingxenye ezinhlanu futhi emizuzwini embalwa uzoba nezingxenye eziyi-100 zomsebenzi olandelayo.
Kulayini wokugoba osuselwa kukhithi, zonke izingxenye kufanele ziphelele. Ukuze kwandiswe ukukhiqiza, le migqa yokukhiqiza esekelwe kit isebenza ngendlela ehleleke kakhulu. Uma umugqa wokukhiqiza udizayinelwe ukuthi usebenze ngokulandelana, yisho izigaba eziyisikhombisa ezihlukene, khona-ke okuzenzakalelayo kuzosebenza ngalolo chungechunge, kusukela ekuqaleni komugqa kuya ekugcineni. Uma Ingxenye #7 iyimbi, awukwazi ukuvele uqalise Ingxenye #7 futhi ngoba i-automation ayihlelelwanga ukuphatha leyo ngxenye eyodwa. Kunalokho, udinga ukumisa ulayini bese uqala kabusha ngengxenye inombolo 1.
Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, umugqa wokugoqa ozenzakalelayo usebenzisa isilinganiso se-engeli ye-laser yesikhathi sangempela esihlola ngokushesha i-engeli ngayinye egoqekayo, okuvumela umshini ukuthi ulungise ukungahambisani.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ulayini wokukhiqiza usekela inqubo esekelwe kwikhithi. Njengoba inqubo ithuthuka, umugqa wokukhiqiza osuselwe kwikhithi ungasindisa isikhathi esiningi ngokunciphisa izikhathi zokuhola kusukela ezinyangeni namaviki ukuya emahoreni noma izinsuku.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-18-2023