Uphahla lwesibaya mhlawumbe luyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesakhiwo sonke. Ngaphandle kophahla oluvikelekile noluqinile, ngeke kuthathe isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuthi okuqukethwe kweshede lakho kuvezwe ezintweni, kanye nanoma yiziphi izihlubuki ezicashe eduze kwakho.
Ngenhlanhla, kunezinto eziningi zokufulela zekhwalithi ehlukahlukene ezingavikela ishede lakho nakho konke okungaphakathi emashumini eminyaka ezayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizobhekisisa imibono engcono kakhulu yophahla olugxotshiwe kanye nezinto zokwakha ukukusiza ukhethe impahla ephelele yephrojekthi yakho yasekhaya elandelayo.
Izinto ezingaphezu kweshumi ezihlukene ziyizinketho ezinhle zokufulela inqolobane yakho. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinto ezilandelayo eziyi-11 zimile isikhathi eside njengezinto zokufulela ze-canopy.
I-bituminous shingles ingenye yezinketho ezithandwa kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphahla. Impahla iyathengeka, ihlala isikhathi eside, kulula ukuyifaka futhi ifanele izitayela eziningi zophahla.
Ama-shingles amathathu abekwe phansi ophahleni futhi awuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwama-shingles. Ithengeka kakhulu kulawa amathathu, aqinile futhi kulula ukuwafaka.
Ama-shingles anobukhulu anokubukeka kwe-gradient okudala iphethini engahleliwe ekhangayo ophahleni. Lawa ma-shingles ahlala isikhathi eside kunamamodeli aneziqephu ezintathu futhi ungawafaka kalula.
I-tile kanokusho iyona edonsa amehlo kakhulu kulawa amathathu, ane-silhouette enezinhlangothi ezintathu ekhumbuza uphahla lwe-slate. Lawa ma-tile yiwona ahlala isikhathi eside, kodwa futhi abiza kakhulu. Ama-shingles okunethezeka ngokuvamile abiza ngokuphindwe kabili kunosayizi wama-shingles.
Ngenxa yezizathu zezindleko, abaninikhaya abaningi bakhetha ama-shingles anezingxenye ezintathu noma ezintathu-dimensional ophahleni lweshede. Lezi zinto ezimbili zilula kakhulu ukuzifaka futhi zidinga amathuluzi ambalwa noma okokusebenza.
Uma efakwe kahle, ama-shingles angahlala noma yikuphi kusukela eminyakeni engu-15 kuya kwengu-30, kuye ngesitayela, ikhwalithi, nokunakekelwa kophahla. Ama-shingles e-asphalt ngokuvamile aneziqinisekiso ezinde. Kodwa-ke, ukuthola inkampani ukuthi ihloniphe iwaranti kuvame ukuba nzima uma uzakwethu womkhiqizi engakufaki ukufaka.
Enye yezinto ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu zokufulela, ama-shingles omsedari ayindlela ephelele yokuletha isitayela saseMelika sakudala egcekeni lakho. Lezi ziphahleni bezilokhu zithandwa kusukela ngekhulu le-19 ngesitayela sabo esiyingqayizivele, futhi uma kuziwa emibonweni engcono kakhulu yokuphahla okuchithwe kanye nezinto zokwakha, ama-shingles omsedari athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaklami bezobuchwepheshe.
Ama-shingles omsedari enziwe ngemisedari evunwa enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-United States naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeCanada. Izihlahla zicutshungulwa zibe izingcezu ezincane bese zisahwa ngesandla ukuze kwenziwe uphahla oluqoqwe noma kusanwe zibe amashingles.
Le nto yokufulela ithengiswa ngokwezinga, futhi kunamabanga amathathu: avamile, akhethiwe, futhi aqondile.
Okusanhlamvu okuqondile kuyibanga eliphakeme kakhulu futhi yonke imikhiqizo inephethini eqondile kanye nokusanhlamvu. Lezi zingcezu ezikhethwe ngesandla ziphakathi kwezinto ezikhangayo nezihlala isikhathi eside kunazo zonke. Izinhlamvu ezikhethiwe ziqukethe ikakhulukazi ukhuni oluqondile olunezinhlobonhlobo ezijwayelekile ezixutshwe kuzo.
Amabanga aphansi kakhulu kulawa amathathu avamile futhi aqukethe ukhuni olunokuthungwa okungaphelele okungenzeka kube nemifantu noma amabala. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo azigcini nje ngokukhangayo, kodwa futhi zijwayele ukuguqulwa nokuqhekeka.
Ukufaka uphahla lwamathayela womsedari kunzima kakhulu kunezinto ezifana nama-shingles noma ama-shingles, futhi abantu abaningi bathemba usonkontileka oqeqeshiwe ukuthi akwenze. Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubani ophethe ukufakwa, ungalindela ukuthi uphahla lomsedari lube yinye yezitayela ezibiza kakhulu.
Njengophahla lwemisedari, ukufulela ngokhuni kuyindlela enhle yokubonisa isitayela sakho se-rustic futhi kungaba ukwengeza okuphelele ekhaya nasegcekeni lakho.
Uphahla lwamapulangwe ngokuvamile lwenziwa ngomsedari, umsayipuresi, i-mahogany, noma i-oki. Uma ukhuni seluhlukaniswe lwaba izingcezu ezincane, izingcezu zihlukaniswa ngesandla, okudala ukuthungwa okungekuhle nokumangelengele kophahla olulengayo.
Uphahla olunyakazayo lunikeza isitayela esimangelengele futhi esingapholisheki kancane kunama-shingles, futhi uphahla lokunyakazisa ngalunye luhluke kancane ngosayizi nokuma. Ama-shingles ezinkuni nawo aminyene kancane kune-wood shingles futhi iphethini yokusanhlamvu ingahluka kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye ngayinye yophahla ihlukile, uphahla olulengayo luvame ukonakala kunezinye izitayela zophahla, kuhlanganise nama-shingles. Uphahla olulengayo aluvikelekile kangako emanzini nasemoyeni futhi ngokuvamile ludinga ukulungiswa ukuze kugcinwe ubuqotho bophahla. Ngenxa yokuthi le nto ayinamanzi amancane, kufanele futhi uyigweme uma uphahla lwakho lune-pitch engaphansi kuka-12/4.
Nakuba engaqinile futhi epholishelwe njengophahla lwama-shingle, ama-shakes ayindlela engabizi kakhulu, okungenani uma kucatshangelwa izindleko zakho zempahla. Ukufakwa kahle kophahla olulengayo kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kudinga isipiliyoni nekhono lokufaka kahle uphahla olulengayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokufakwa kochwepheshe, abanikazi bezindlu bavuzwa ngophahla oluhle noluqinile olubonisa isitayela se-colonial yaseMelika.
Ukufulela ngensimbi kuyindlela ehlukile yezinhlelo zokufulela zendabuko ezifana nophahla lukathayela noma uphahla lwe-asphalt. Izitayela eziningi zophahla lwensimbi zivame ukusetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni nezolimo, kodwa ama-shingles ensimbi angakwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha izitayela ezihlukahlukene zophahla futhi ingenye yezinketho ezingcono kakhulu zokuphahla.
Uphahla lwensimbi selusetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kweyi-100, kodwa ukusungulwa kophahla lwamatshe ngeminyaka yama-50s kwasiza ukuvula izwe elisha lamathuba ophahla lwensimbi. Le mikhiqizo yokufulela ehlanganiswe ngamatshe, njengamanye amashidi okufulela ensimbi, agxivizwa emimoyeni nezitayela ezihlukahlukene ngaphambi kokuba ahlanganiswe nemikhiqizo yamatshe aqinile.
Lawa ma-shingles angalingisa ukubukeka kwama-shingles noma ama-shingles, ama-shingles noma ngisho nezitini. Okuhle kunakho konke, anokuqina okukhulayo okunikezwa yinsimbi futhi avame ukuhlala isikhathi eside kunezinto zokufulela ezilingisayo.
Ama-shingles ensimbi anezindawo eziningana ezihlukene eziwenza abe yisinqumo esihle kakhulu sophahla olugxotshiwe. Okuhle kunakho konke, ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele, uphahla lwamathayela ensimbi lungahlala iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-70. Ama-shingles ensimbi nawo adinga ukulungiswa okuncane kakhulu kunama-shingles, ama-shaker noma uphahla lwe-asphalt.
Ezinye izinkampani zomshwalense zinikeza izaphulelo ezindlini nezakhiwo ezinophahla lwensimbi ngoba impahla ihlala isikhathi eside, isesimweni esiphansi, futhi imelana kakhulu nesimo sezulu esibi kunezinye izinhlobo zokufulela.
Uphahla lwensimbi luyatholakala futhi ezinhlotsheni zamanani ezehlukene kuye ngezidingo zakho kanye nesabelomali. Amathayela amatshe, ikakhulukazi lawo anemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi, abiza ngaphezulu. Ama-shingles ensimbi angabukeki kangako ashibhile, kodwa asanikeza zonke izinzuzo zophahla lwensimbi.
Amathayela obumba angezinye zezitayela zophahla ezibukeka kahle kakhulu kanye nezinto zokufulela ezihlala isikhathi eside ongazisebenzisa.
Ama-Clay shingles adumile iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisogwini, ezingadala izinkinga kwezinye izinto zokufulela njengensimbi noma izinsimbi zokhuni. Lawa mathayili enziwa ngokubumba ubumba lwemvelo futhi alushise emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kakhulu. Inqubo yokubhaka isiza ukuhlanganisa ama-shingles ngenkathi igcina umbala wayo impilo yonke yophahla.
Ithayela lobumba elivame kakhulu i-terracotta, kodwa uzothola nezinye izithunzi ezinsundu, eziwolintshi, ezinsundu, nezibomvu. Izitini zobumba nazo ziza ngezitayela ezahlukene ukuze zivumelane nezidingo zezindlu nezinqolobane ezahlukene.
Ama-shingles aseSpain yiwona athandwa kakhulu, anemigodi emikhulu kumugqa ngamunye wama-shingles akhipha amanzi ophahleni. Amathayili e-Scandia afana namathayili we-Spanish, kodwa abekwe kwelinye icala ukuze abukeke ngendlela emangalisayo. Amathayili e-Double Roman avame kakhulu esifundeni saseMedithera futhi afana namathayili weSpanishi kodwa anemifantu emincane.
Kukhona nezitayela ezengeziwe, ezihlanganisa i-Shaker, Barrel, Barrel, Riviera, nesiFulentshi. Nakuba lawa ma-shingles enza ikhaya libukeke ngendlela emangalisayo, awafaneleki kangako ukufakwa kophahla lweshede.
Amathayela obumba anesikhathi eside sokuphila kwanoma iyiphi impahla yokufulela futhi ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Impahla ihlala isikhathi eside futhi ivimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta kanye ne-moss.
Le nto yokufulela ibiza kakhulu kuneningi, kodwa izindleko ezengeziwe zingaphezu kokunciphisa impilo ende yophahla. Ngokufakwa nokugcinwa okufanele, izitini zobumba zingahlala ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-100.
Ama-shingles enjoloba ayisinqumo esihle sezinto zokufulela zengobo yakho elandelayo ngezizathu eziningi. Ama-shingles enjoloba athengeka kakhulu kunezinye izinto zokuphahla, kodwa hhayi ngezindleko zokuqina.
Ama-shingles enjoloba afika ngezindlela eziningi, imibala, nezitayela, futhi afana neminye imikhiqizo yokufulela edumile njengama-shingles aphambili noma ama-wood shingles. Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zama-shingles enjoloba ukuthi kulula ukuyifaka, okuvumela ama-DIYers asekhaya ukuthi asebenzise ukubukeka nokuzwakala kophahla olubiza kakhulu ngaphandle kokuqasha isifaki esiqeqeshiwe.
Impilo yesevisi yama-shingles enjoloba iqhathaniswa nempilo yesevisi yophahla oluningi lwe-bituminous lwezendlalelo ezintathu noma ezintathu-ntathu. Impahla ayinakuzithoba ekunakekelweni futhi imelana nemisebe ye-ultraviolet. Injoloba nayo iyisivikelo esihle kakhulu, ngakho isiza ukulawula izinga lokushisa eshede.
Enye yezinzuzo eziphawulekayo zokufulela irabha ukuthi kulula ukuyifaka nokulungisa uma ingxenye yophahla iqala ukuvuza. Ukushintsha ingxenye eyonakele kulula; vele usebenzise i-roofing sealer yekhwalithi ukuze ulungise unomphela inkinga.
Ama-shingles enjoloba nawo angafakwa ezinhlobonhlobo zezitayela zophahla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-slope, okwenza kube nezinto ezihlukahlukene kakhulu kunezinto ezifanele kuphela uphahla oluthile. Uma ifakwe kahle, uphahla lwamathayela enjoloba kufanele luhlale iminyaka eyi-15-30, futhi imikhiqizo eminingi iza newaranti yeminyaka engama-30.
Esinye sezitayela zophahla ezindala kunazo zonke, uphahla oluyisilayidi luyisinqumo esifanelekile sengobo yezwe yesitayela saseMelika sakudala. Uphahla olunamapulangwe alubizi uma luqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinto zokufulela, luphila kahle, futhi lunobuhle be-rustic.
Lolu hlobo lophahla luthola igama lalo ezingxenyeni ezimbili ezakha uhlelo lwe-truss. Lawa mabhodi agijima aqonde kulo lonke ubude bophahla futhi anamathiselwe kuma-battens, okungama-slabs avundlile anamathiselwe ophahleni.
Amasistimu amaningi anama-batten agxile ku-24″ ngokuhlukana futhi asebenzisa amapulangwe 3" kuya ku-12" ububanzi ukuze aqedele uphahla.
Uphahla olunezitezi alukwazi ukungena emanzini, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufaka kahle ulwelwesi olusezingeni eliphezulu ukuze kuvikelwe okuqukethwe esibayeni. Uma ifakwe kahle, uphahla lwe-hip kufanele luhlale iminyaka engu-20-30.
Ukuze ukwandise impilo yophahla lwakho olunamapulangwe, udinga ukulungisa izikhathi ngezikhathi, ukhiphe amahlamvu awile kanye nezinye izinsalela ukuze uvimbele ukulimala kwamanzi noma ukubola. Noma yimaphi amabhodi awonakele kufanele ashintshwe ukuze kwandiswe impilo yophahla. Lolu hlobo lophahla lubuye luzwele kakhulu emisebeni ye-UV, ngakho-ke i-UV-resistant sealant kufanele isetshenziselwe ukuvimbela umonakalo.
Amashidi ophahla lukathayela abeyinto edumile yokufulela embonini nakwezolimo iminyaka engaphezu kweyi-100. Lawa maphaneli angenziwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene futhi angenye yezixazululo zokuphahla ezingabizi kakhulu.
Amapaneli kathayela angenziwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene, ezidume kakhulu kuzo okuwusimende, ingilazi yengilazi, ipulasitiki, nensimbi. Ngokuya ngesimo sezulu sakho kanye nalokho okulindele empilweni yophahla lwakho, ungathola enye yezinto ezikusebenzela kangcono. Insimbi, i-fiberglass nepulasitiki yizinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukufaka uphahla lukathayela.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezisetshenzisiwe, amapaneli ahlanganisiwe enziwa njengamapaneli ajulile, njengoba atholakala ophahleni lwamathayela obumba. Lawa ma-gutter asiza ngokukhipha amanzi futhi avimbele amanzi ukuthi angahlangani ophahleni. Izinto eziningi zokufulela ezinothayela ngokwemvelo azinamanzi, ngakho-ke zingafakwa ophahleni oluyisicaba olunomthambeka omncane noma ongenawo nhlobo.
Uphahla lukathayela luyathengeka, futhi ubukhulu bephaneli ngayinye busho ukuthi ungafaka ngokushesha uphahla lonke esikhathini esingaphansi kwesigamu sesikhathi esisithathayo ukufaka izinhlelo zokufulela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izinhlelo zikathayela nazo kulula ukuzinakekela nokuzilungisa, okwenza kube yisinqumo esihle kubanikazi bezindlu abathintekayo ngokugcina izinhlelo zokufulela eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Nakuba ukufulela okuzwakalayo kuvamile ukusetshenziswa njenge-underlay ukuvikela ama-shingles kusuka ezakhiweni, uphahla lwe-bituminous luzwakala lungafakwa njengomkhiqizo ozimele. Yimpahla yokufulela eyonga kakhulu futhi ingafakwa ezinhlobonhlobo zezitayela zophahla.
Izinto zokuphahla ze-bituminous zinomgogodla ozwakalayo, futhi uhlangothi ngalunye lwento lumbozwe ngezinto zokuphahla ze-bituminous. Lokhu kunamathela kusiza ukuvikela izinto zokufulela ekugugeni nasekulimaleni. Uphahla lwe-bituminous lungafakwa ngeglue noma ngokulahla ithoshi.
Izinto zokufulela nge-bituminous ngokuvamile zifakwe ophahleni oluyisicaba, kodwa zingaphinde zifakwe ophahleni olugxotshiwe. Zombili izindlela zokufaka zisebenza kahle, kodwa ophahleni lwezulu ezindaweni ezibandayo (akuvamile ukuba zibe ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-60) indlela yokushiswa ikhethwa. Ezimweni ezifudumele, ukufakwa kwe-adhesive kuyindlela yokonga kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-02-2023