Lapho bememezela umfutho wamandla avuselelekayo kuleli sonto, abaphathi beBiden bagqamise umkhumbi osakhiwa eBrownsville njengobufakazi bamathuba omnotho oluhlaza.
Eceleni kweBrownsville Channel futhi ngqo eGulf of Mexico njengendawo yokubhola, omunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu bemishini kawoyela yasogwini eGulf Coast waguqula amahektha angu-180 enhlabathi waba imayini yegolide yangempela. Indawo yemikhumbi inophiko lwezakhiwo ezingu-43, okuhlanganisa nezindawo zokuhlanganisa ezingu-7 ezilingana ne-hangar, lapho kundiza khona izinhlansi zabashisela, futhi kuqhume izando eziphefumulayo, ezixwayisa ngokugqamile ukuthi noma imaphi amaphutha angase aholele ekukhubazekeni. Sayina. Ipuleti lensimbi elingemuva kwepuleti lensimbi elingamathani amathathu lalishelelezi endaweni eyodwa yefekthri. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengamathoyizi ayinkimbinkimbi avela endaweni yokusebenzela ka-Santa, agingqa eminye yemishini yemboni yamandla esindayo neyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula kukawoyela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, indawo yokusebenzela imikhumbi yaqhubeka nokukhiqiza “izinsimbi zokumba ama-jack-up.” Lezi zinkundla ezingasogwini ziphakeme njengezakhiwo eziphakeme futhi zikhipha uwoyela ngamamayela ngaphansi kolwandle, ngayinye ithengiswa cishe ngamaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-250. Eminyakeni emihlanu eyedlule, kwazalelwa isilo esinezitezi ezingu-21 egcekeni, esibizwa ngokuthi i-Krechet, okwakuyindawo enkulu kunazo zonke yokukhiqiza uwoyela emhlabeni emlandweni. Kodwa i-Krechet-“gyrfalcon” ngesi-Russian, inhlobo enkulu yama-falcon kanye nomzingeli we-Arctic tundra-ibonise ukuthi iyi-dinosaur. Manje ikhipha uwoyela we-ExxonMobil esekwe e-Irving kanye nabalingani bayo esiqhingini sase-Sakhalin eduze kwase-Russia, lokhu kungase kube okokugcina umshini wokuthungatha uwoyela onjalo ukwakhiwa ngendawo yemikhumbi.
Namuhla, ngesikhathi esibucayi esibonisa uguquko lwemboni kawoyela negesi egcwele umhlaba wonke e-Texas, abasebenzi baseBrownsville Shipyard bakha uhlobo olusha lomkhumbi. Njengomshini wakudala kawoyela, lo mkhumbi wamandla olwandle uzohamba uye olwandle, ubeke imilenze yawo yensimbi esindayo phansi olwandle, usebenzise lezi zinqulu ukuze uzisekele uze uwele emanzini amabi, bese, emdansweni we. amandla nokunemba , Umshini owela ekujuleni okumnyama ozongena emadwaleni olwandle phansi. Nokho, kulokhu, insiza yemvelo umkhumbi ofuna ukuyithuthukisa akuwona uwoyela. Umoya.
Umkhiqizi wamandla ozinze eRichmond, eVirginia, iDominion Energy, eyalele umkhumbi ukuthi uzowusebenzisa ukuhambisa izinqwaba phansi koLwandlekazi i-Atlantic. Kusipho ngasinye esingamafidi angu-100 ubude esicwiliswe emanzini, kuzobekwa insimbi enamaphuzu amathathu ne-fiberglass windmill. Ihabhu layo elijikelezayo lilingana nebhasi lesikole futhi linezindaba ezingaba ngu-27 ngaphezu kwamagagasi. Lona umkhumbi wokuqala wokufakwa kwenjini yomoya owakhiwa e-United States. Njengoba amapulazi omoya asogwini, asatholakala ikakhulukazi eYurophu, avela kakhulu ngasogwini lwase-United States, i-Brownsville Shipyard ingase yakhe imikhumbi eminingi efanayo.
Lo mfutho waphinde waqina ngoMashi 29, lapho abaphathi beBiden bememezela uhlelo olusha lokukhulisa amandla omoya olwandle lwase-US, oluthi luzofaka izigidigidi zamadola emalimboleko kanye nezibonelelo zikahulumeni, kanye nochungechunge lwamapulazi omoya amasha okuhloswe ngawo ukusheshisa izindlela zeNqubomgomo. ukufakwa. Empumalanga, entshonalanga naseGulf Coast yase-United States. Eqinisweni, isimemezelo sisebenzisa umkhumbi owakhiwe e-Brownsville Shipyard njengesibonelo sephrojekthi yamandla avuselelekayo yase-US esithemba ukuyikhuthaza. Uhulumeni uthi imboni yomoya ogwini lolwandle "izoveza uchungechunge olusha lokuhlinzeka olufinyelela enhliziyweni ye-United States, njengoba kuboniswa amathani ayi-10,000 ensimbi yasekhaya ehlinzekwa ngabasebenzi base-Alabama naseWest Virginia ngemikhumbi ye-Dominion." Lo mgomo omusha wenhlangano ukuthi ngo-2030, i-United States izoqasha amashumi ezinkulungwane zabasebenzi ukuthi bafake ama-megawatts angu-30,000 womthamo wamandla omoya ovela ngasogwini. (I-megawatt eyodwa inika amandla cishe ezindlini ezingama-200 eTexas.) Lokhu kusengaphansi kwengxenye yalokho okwakulindeleke ukuba iChina ibe nakho ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa kukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namamegawathi angu-42 wamandla omoya aphuma ngasogwini afakwe e-United States namuhla. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi umkhakha wezamandla wase-US ngokuvamile uhlela ukutshala izimali ezinkulu phakathi namashumi ambalwa eminyaka, uhlelo lwezikhathi lukahulumeni luzoshesha kakhulu.
Kunoma iyiphi i-Texan ejwayele ukuhleka ibhizinisi lamandla avuselelekayo, amandla omoya ogwini lolwandle ahlinzeka ngesheke langempela elijabulisayo. Kusukela enanini lokubheja kuye kubunjiniyela obudingekayo, kufana ncamashí nemboni kawoyela, ifanele labo abanamaphakethe ajulile, isifiso esikhulu sokudla, nemishini emikhulu. Iqembu losopolitiki, abambisene abalambele uwoyela, ngephutha basola izinjini zomoya eziqandisiwe ngokwehluleka okuyinhlekelele kohlelo lwamandla e-Texas phakathi nesiphepho sasebusika sangoFebhuwari. Basikisela ukuthi amafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi asewukuphela komthombo wamandla onokwethenjelwa. Kodwa-ke, izinkampani zikawoyela ziya ngokwanda kufanele ziphendule hhayi kosopolitiki bazo kuphela kodwa nakubanikazi bamasheya bomhlaba wonke. Babonisa ngokutshalwa kwezimali kwabo ukuthi babona enye imithombo yamandla njengomthombo wokukhula kwenzuzo yebhizinisi, futhi lezi zinzuzo zezinkampani zinkulu embonini kawoyela. Umthelela wokwehla.
Izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezingabanikazi bendawo yemikhumbi yaseBrownsville kanye nezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe eziklama imikhumbi yamandla omoya ziphakathi kosonkontileka abakhulu bemboni kaphethiloli emhlabeni. Zombili izinkampani zinemali engenayo engaphezu kwamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha ngonyaka odlule; bobabili balahlekelwe kakhulu kulokhu kuthengiswa; bobabili bafuna indawo emakethe yamandla avuselelekayo. Inkinga kawoyela ijulile. Ingxenye yesizathu ukushaqeka kwesikhashana kwe-COVID-19, okunciphise umsebenzi wezomnotho womhlaba. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, ukukhula okubonakala kungenakuvinjelwa kwesidingo sikawoyela ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule kuya ngokuya kushabalala. Ukwandisa ukunaka ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu kanye nentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile - kusukela ezimotweni zikagesi kuya ezindlini ezinikezwa amandla omoya namandla elanga - kubangele uguquko lwesikhathi eside ukuya kwezinye izindlela ezishibhile nezishibhile kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi.
UGeorge O'Leary, umhlaziyi ogxile kumandla e-Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co., ozinze e-Houston, uthe nakuba ukubuyiselwa kukawoyela negesi kube kubi muva nje, “kuza imali eningi” emkhakheni wamandla avuselelekayo. ibhange lokutshala izimali. Le nkampani iwuphawu lokubuka komhlaba okushintshayo kwesifunda sikawoyela saseTexas-sekuyisikhathi eside igxile kuwoyela negesi, kodwa manje isishintshashintsha ngenkuthalo. U-O'Leary ufanise intshiseko entsha yabaphathi bakawoyela baseTexas yamandla avuselelekayo nokuthakasela kwabo uwoyela we-shale negesi eminyakeni engu-15 edlule; kuze kube yilapho ubuchwepheshe obusha bunciphisa izindleko zokukhishwa, ukumba leli dwala kuye kwabhekwa kabanzi njengokungafaneleki. umnotho. U-O'Leary wangitshela ukuthi ezinye izindlela zikaphethiloli wezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi “zicishe zifane ne-shale 2.0.”
I-Keppel iyinhlangano ezinze eSingapore futhi ingelinye labakhiqizi abakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Yathenga iBrownsville Shipyard ngo-1990 futhi yayenza yaba umnyombo wophiko lwe-AmFELS. Ingxenye enkulu yeminyaka engu-30 eyalandela, indawo yemikhumbi yayichuma. Kodwa-ke, i-Keppel ibike ukuthi ibhizinisi layo lamandla lizolahlekelwa cishe i-US $ 1 bhiliyoni ngo-2020, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yebhizinisi layo le-offshore rig rig likawoyela. Imemezele ukuthi emzamweni wokuvimbela ukuvuza kwezimali, ihlela ukuphuma ebhizinisini futhi igxile emandleni avuselelekayo. Isikhulu se-Keppel uLuo Zhenhua ufunge esitatimendeni "ukwakha umholi wemboni oguquguqukayo futhi alungiselele uguquko lwamandla emhlabeni jikelele."
Ububanzi bezinye izindlela buphuthuma ngokufanayo ku-NOV. Umbhemu ozinze e-Houston, phambilini owawaziwa nge-National Oilwell Varco, waklama umkhumbi wokufaka injini yomoya owakhiwa i-Keppel Shipyard. I-NOV ingelinye labakhiqizi abakhulu bemishini kawoyela negesi emhlabeni, enabasebenzi ababalelwa ku-28,000. Laba basebenzi bahlakazeke emafekthri angama-573 emazweni angama-61 emazwenikazi ayisithupha, kodwa cishe ingxenye yesine yabo (cishe abantu abayizi-6,600) basebenza eTexas. Ngenxa yokuphelelwa amandla kwesidingo semishini emisha kaphethiloli, ibike ukuthi ilahlekelwe yingqikithi yamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2.5 ngoLwezi wonyaka odlule. Manje, isebenzisa ubungcweti bayo obuqoqiwe emkhakheni kawoyela negesi, inkampani iklama imikhumbi emihlanu emisha yokufaka i-turbine yomoya eyakhiwa emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise neyodwa eseBrownsville. Ifakwe imilenze ye-jack-up nama-cranes eziningana zazo, futhi iguqulwa isuka kuwoyela wasogwini ukuze ibe namandla omoya ogwini lolwandle. UClay Williams, isikhulu esiphezulu se-NOV, uthe "amandla avuselelekayo ayathakazelisa ezinhlanganweni lapho amasimu kawoyela engathandeki kakhulu". Uma ethi “kumnandi”, ubengaqondile ukuzijabulisa. Wayeqonde ukwenza imali.
Okubalulekile emnothweni waseTexas, ibhizinisi lamandla livame ukuchazwa njengelicishe lihlukaniswe ngokwenkolo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Big Oil iyimodeli yamaqiniso ezomnotho noma ukunyundela kwemvelo-kuya ngombono wakho womhlaba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi kukhona iBig Green, iqhawe lenqubekelaphambili yezemvelo noma usizo olubi-futhi, kuncike embonweni wakho. Lawa makhomikhi aya ngokuya ephelelwa yisikhathi. Imali, hhayi izimiso zokuziphatha, amandla okubumba, izinguquko zezomnotho zesakhiwo zichaza kabusha indawo yamandla e-Texas: ukwehla kwemboni kawoyela kubaluleke kakhulu kunomjikelezo wakamuva wokwehla, futhi ukukhuphuka kwamandla avuselelekayo kuhlala isikhathi eside kunamabhamuza aqhutshwa yizibonelelo .
Ngesikhathi se-fiasco yesiphepho sasebusika ngoFebhuwari, umehluko osele phakathi kwamandla amadala namandla amasha wembulwa emcimbini. I-polar vortex ezinye izifundazwe ezabhekana nazo ngokuthula idale umonakalo omkhulu kugridi kagesi, obunganakwa uchungechunge lwababusi, izishayamthetho nabalawuli iminyaka eyishumi. Ngemuva kokuthi isiphepho sithathe amakhaya ayizigidi ezi-4.5 angaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, amaningi awo acishwa izinsuku ezimbalwa futhi abulala ama-Texans angaphezu kuka-100. Umbusi uGreg Abbott utshele iFox News ukuthi "umoya namandla elanga avaliwe "Lokhu "kukhombisa nje ukuthi izinsalela ezimbiwa phansi ziyadingeka." U-Jason Isaac, umqondisi wephrojekthi yamandla ye-Texas Public Policy Foundation, wabhala ukuthi isisekelo siyithangi lokucabanga elinesamba esikhulu semali esihlinzekwa amaqembu enzalo kawoyela. Wabhala, Ukuphela kukagesi kubonisa ukuthi “ukufaka amaqanda amaningi kubhasikidi wamandla avuselelekayo kuzoba nemiphumela ebuhlungu engenakubalwa.”
Cishe u-95% wamandla amasha ahleliwe e-Texas umoya, ilanga, namabhethri. I-ERCOT ibikezela ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya kungase kunyuke ngo-44% kulo nyaka.
Akumangazi ukuthi ikhwaya yazi kahle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akekho ophakamisa ngokungathí sina ukuthi iTexas noma umhlaba maduze uzowalahla amafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Nakuba ukusetshenziswa kwazo kwezokuthutha kuzokwehla emashumini ambalwa eminyaka azayo, zingase zihlale isikhathi eside njengemithombo yamandla ezinqubweni zezimboni ezifana nokwenza insimbi nezinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene kusukela kumanyolo kuya kumabhodi okubhukuda. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zonke izinhlobo zokukhiqiza amandla - umoya, ilanga, igesi yemvelo, amalahle, namandla enuzi - zehlulekile phakathi nesiphepho ngoFebhuwari, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi izikhulu zamandla zaseTexas azizange zinake ishumi. ifektri ukusinda ebusika. Ukusuka eDakota ukuya eDenmark, izinjini zomoya zomsebenzi obandayo nazo zinhle ezindaweni ezibandayo kwenye indawo. Nakuba ingxenye yawo wonke ama-turbines omoya kugridi yase-Texas yayiqandisiwe ngalezo zinsuku ezingalungile ngo-February, izinjini zomoya eziningi eziqhubekile nokujikeleza zikhiqize ugesi omningi kune-Texas Electric Reliability Board Njengoba bekulindelekile, ikhomishana inesibopho sokuphatha amandla amakhulu ombuso. igridi. Lokhu ngokwengxenye kwenza inani elikhulu lokukhiqizwa kwegesi yemvelo eliqediwe.
Kodwa-ke, kubagxeki bezinye izindlela zikaphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi, iqiniso lokuthi cishe u-25% kagesi waseTexas ngo-2020 uzovela ezinjinini zomoya kanye namaphaneli elanga ngandlela thile kusho ukuthi ukuphela kukagesi kumele kube okumangalisayo. Iphutha lomshini oluhlaza osheshayo. Ngonyaka odlule, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya e-Texas kweqa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla wamalahle okokuqala ngqa. Ngokusho kwe-ERCOT, cishe u-95% wamandla amasha ahlelwayo kuwo wonke umbuso umoya, ilanga namabhethri. Le nhlangano ibikezela ukuthi ukuphehlwa kwamandla omoya kuhulumeni kungase kukhuphuke ngo-44% kulo nyaka, kanti ukuphehlwa kukagesi kumaphrojekthi amakhulu elanga kungase kuphindwe kathathu.
Ukwanda kwamandla avuselelekayo kubangela usongo lwangempela ezithakazelweni zikawoyela. Enye iwukuqinisa ukuncintisana ngokupha kukahulumeni. Ngenxa yomehluko kulokho okufakiwe, ukubalwa kwezimali zoxhaso lwamandla kuyehluka kakhulu, kodwa izilinganiso zakamuva zesamba semali yokuxhaswa yaminyaka yonke kaphethiloli wase-US isukela ku-$20.5 billion kuya ku-US$649 billion. Ukuze uthole amandla ahlukile, ucwaningo lukahulumeni lubonise ukuthi isibalo sango-2016 sasingama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-6.7, nakuba sasibala kuphela usizo lwenhlangano oluqondile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinombolo, i-pendulum yezombangazwe isuka kude nowoyela negesi. NgoJanuwari walo nyaka, uMongameli uBiden wakhipha umyalo ophethe ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, owawudinga ukuthi uhulumeni wobumbano "aqinisekise ukuthi, ngaphakathi kwesilinganiso sokuhambisana nemithetho esebenzayo, izimali zikahulumeni aziwaxhasi ngokuqondile amafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi."
Ukulahlekelwa uxhaso kuyingozi eyodwa kawoyela negesi. Okusabisa kakhulu ukulahlekelwa isabelo semakethe. Ngisho nezinkampani zamafutha ezinsalela ezinquma ukuphishekela amandla avuselelekayo zingase zilahlekelwe izimbangi ezivumelana nezimo nezinamandla ngokwezimali. Izinkampani zomoya ohlanzekile nelanga ziba amandla anamandla, futhi inani lemakethe lama-tech giants afana ne-Apple ne-Google manje lenza inani lemakethe lezinkampani zikawoyela ezihamba phambili ohlwini.
Noma kunjalo, ziyanda izinkampani zaseTexas ezisebenzisa amakhono eziwaqongelele ebhizinisini likaphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi ukuze zizame ukuthuthukisa inzuzo yokuncintisana emakethe yamandla ahlanzekile enokuncintisana kakhulu. “Iziphi izinkampani zikawoyela negesi ezikwenzayo ukubuza ukuthi, ‘Senzani futhi yini lawa makhono asenza sikwazi ukwenza ngamandla avuselelekayo?’” kusho uJames West, umhlaziyi wemboni kawoyela kwa-Evercore ISI, ibhange lokutshala izimali eNew York. Uthe "izinkampani ezisesifundeni sikawoyela saseTexas, ezingena emkhakheni wamandla ahlukile, zine-FOMO." Lokhu kuwukuvuma ngekhanda kubashayeli bonxiwankulu abanamandla abesaba ukugeja amathuba. Njengoba izikhulu ezengeziwe zaseTexas Petroleum zingenela umkhuba wamandla avuselelekayo, iWest ichaza ukucabanga kwabo ngokuthi: “Uma kusebenza, asifuni ukuba umuntu obukeka eyisiwula eminyakeni emibili.”
Njengoba imboni kawoyela negesi isebenzisa kabusha amandla avuselelekayo, iTexas ikwazi ukuzuza ikakhulukazi. Ngokusho kwedatha evela enkampanini yokucwaninga amandla i-BloombergNEF, kuze kube manje kulo nyaka, igridi ye-ERCOT ithole izivumelwano zesikhathi eside zokuxhuma amandla amasha okukhiqiza amandla omoya namandla elanga kunanoma iyiphi enye igridi ezweni. Omunye wabahlaziyi, uKyle Harrison, uthe izinkampani ezinkulu zikawoyela ezinemisebenzi eminingi eTexas zithenga ingxenye enkulu yamandla avuselelekayo, futhi lezi zinkampani zizwa zishisa kakhulu ukuze zinciphise i-carbon footprint yazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziningi zalezi zinkampani zinamarosta amakhulu abasebenzi, futhi amakhono azo okumba asebenza ezinsizeni ezingayingeni kakhulu imvelo. Ngokuka-Jesse Thompson, i-Texas cishe inengxenye yemisebenzi yokukhiqiza uwoyela negesi yase-US, kanye nengxenye yesithathu yemisebenzi yokukhiqiza i-petrochemical yase-US, “enobunjiniyela obumangalisayo, isayensi yezinto zokwakha kanye nesisekelo sethalente le-organic chemistry”, usomnotho omkhulu webhizinisi eFederal Reserve Bank. eDallas eHouston. “Maningi amathalente angashintshwa.”
Ukunqamuka kukagesi ngoFebhuwari kwagqamisa ukuthi ibhizinisi likaphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi lingelinye labasebenzisi bakagesi abanomhobholo eTexas. Ingxenye enkulu yokukhiqizwa kwegesi yemvelo kahulumeni iyekile, hhayi nje ngenxa yokuqandisa kwemishini yokupompa, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokuthi imishini eminingi engaqandisiwe iphelelwe amandla. Lesi sifiso sisho ukuthi ezinkampanini eziningi zikawoyela, isu elilula lamandla avuselelekayo liwukuthenga ijusi eluhlaza ukuze kuqhubekisele phambili ibhizinisi labo elinsundu. I-Exxon Mobil kanye ne-Occidental Petroleum basayine inkontileka yokuthenga amandla elanga ukuze basize amandla emisebenzini yabo e-Permian Basin. I-Baker Hughes, inkampani enkulu yezinkonzo zamafutha, ihlela ukuthola wonke ugesi ewusebenzisayo eTexas kumaphrojekthi omoya kanye nelanga. I-Dow Chemical isayine isivumelwano sokuthenga ugesi embonini yokuphehla amandla elanga eseningizimu ye-Texas ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kaphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi embonini yayo ye-petrochemical yase-Gulf Coast.
Ukuzibophezela okujulile kwezinkampani zikawoyela ukuthenga amasheya kumaphrojekthi wamandla avuselelekayo-hhayi nje ukusebenzisa ugesi, kodwa futhi nembuyiselo. Njengophawu lokuvuthwa kweminye imithombo yamandla, abantu abaningi ku-Wall Street sebeqala ukucabanga ukuthi amandla omoya nelanga anokwethenjelwa kakhulu kunowoyela negesi ukukhokha ngokheshi. Omunye wabasebenzi abakhuthele kakhulu baleli qhinga yinkampani enkulu kawoyela yaseFrance iTotal, eyathola isiteki sokulawula enkampanini ekhiqiza amaphaneli elanga aseCalifornia i-SunPower eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kanye nomkhiqizi wamabhethri waseFrance iSaft, iphrojekthi yakhe engaba Cabanga ngalawo amandla avuselelekayo nogesi. ukukhiqizwa kuzothatha i-40% yokuthengisa kwayo ngo-2050-kuyavunywa, lesi yisikhathi eside. NgoFebhuwari walo nyaka, iTotal yamemezela ukuthi izothenga amaphrojekthi amane endaweni yaseHouston. Le miklamo inamandla okukhiqiza amandla elanga ayi-2,200 MW kanye namandla okukhiqiza amandla ebhethri angama-600 MW. ITotal izosebenzisa ugesi ongaphansi kwesigamu ukuze izisebenzele bese idayise wonke ugesi.
Khulisa ngenhloso eqinile yokubusa imakethe ngoNovemba. Manje isisebenzisa isu layo elingenamkhawulo elicijwe ngamafutha kumandla avuselelekayo.
Izinkampani zikawoyela ezinezinga eliphezulu ezibambe iqhaza emncintiswaneni wamandla ahlukile zenza okungaphezu kokubhala amasheke. Bahlola lapho bengasebenzisa khona kangcono amakhono abo okudonsa uwoyela negesi. U-NOV no-Keppel bazama lokhu kumiswa kabusha. Ngokungafani nabakhiqizi bakawoyela abampahla yabo eyinhloko okungama-hydrocarbon agqitshwe emadwaleni angaphansi komhlaba, laba bosonkontileka bomhlaba wonke banamakhono, izimboni, onjiniyela, kanye nezimali zokukutshala kabusha emkhakheni wamandla kaphethiloli ongewona we-fossil kalula. Umhlaziyi we-Evercore West ubiza lezi zinkampani ngokuthi “abaqoki” bomhlaba kawoyela.
I-NOV ifana ne-bulldozer. Ikhule ngokuthengwa okunonya kanye nezinhloso ezinenkani zokubusa imakethe. UWest uveze ukuthi isiteketiso sayo embonini sithi “akekho omunye umphakeli”-okusho ukuthi uma ungumkhiqizi wamandla, “unenkinga ngerigi yakho, kufanele ushayele i-NOV ngoba akekho omunye ophakelayo. “Manje, inkampani isebenzisa isu layo elingenamkhawulo elicijwa ngowoyela kumandla avuselelekayo.
Ngenkathi ngikhuluma nomholi we-NOV uWilliams nge-Zoom, yonke into ngaye yenza i-CEO yePetroleum yadazuluka: ihembe lakhe elimhlophe lifakwe inkinobho emqaleni; uthayi wakhe onephethini othule; itafula lenkomfa lihlala yena Isikhala phakathi kwedeski lakhe nodonga lwamafasitela angaphazamiseki ehhovisi lakhe e-Houston; elenga ekhabetheni lezincwadi ngemuva kwehlombe lakhe langakwesokudla, kunemidwebo yabafana bezinkomo abathathu abagibela idolobha eliqhuma uwoyela. Ngaphandle kwenhloso yokuphuma embonini kawoyela ngoNovemba, uWilliams ulindele ukuthi imboni kawoyela izohlinzeka ngemali eningi yayo eminyakeni embalwa ezayo. Ulinganisela ukuthi ngo-2021, ibhizinisi lamandla omoya enkampani lizokhiqiza kuphela imali elinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-200 zamadola aseMelika, okuzobalelwa ku-3% wokuthengiswa okungenzeka kube khona, kanti eminye imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ngeke inyuse kakhulu le nombolo.
I-NOV ayizange iphendulele ukunaka kwayo emandleni avuselelekayo ngaphandle kwesifiso sokuzicabangela sokuvikela okuluhlaza kanye nemvelo. Ngokungafani nabanye abakhiqizi abakhulu bakawoyela kanye ne-American Petroleum Institute, okuyinhlangano eyinhloko yezohwebo embonini, ayizibophezeli ekunciphiseni i-carbon footprint yayo, futhi ayizange isekele umbono kahulumeni wokubeka inani lezinto ezikhishwayo. UWilliams uyazwelana nalabo abanezisusa zabo “zokuguqula umhlaba,” wangitshela, kodwa “Njengonxiwankulu, kumelwe sibuyise imali yethu, bese sibuyelwa yimali ethile.” Ukholelwa ukuthi enye imithombo yamandla-hhayi amandla omoya kuphela, kodwa futhi Kukhona amandla elanga, amandla e-hydrogen, amandla e-geothermal kanye neminye imithombo yamandla eminingana-kuyimakethe entsha enkulu umkhondo wayo wokukhula kanye nemikhawulo yenzuzo ingase idlule kude leyo kawoyela nemvelo. igesi. "Ngicabanga ukuthi bayikusasa lenkampani."
Sekungamashumi eminyaka, i-NOV, njengezimbangi zayo eziningi zensiza kawoyela, ikhawulele imisebenzi yayo yamandla avuselelekayo kubuchwepheshe obubodwa: i-geothermal, ehilela ukusebenzisa ukushisa okungaphansi komhlaba okukhiqizwa ngokwemvelo ukuze kunikwe amandla izinjini zomoya kanye nokukhiqiza ugesi. Le nqubo inokuningi okufana ngayo nokukhiqizwa kukawoyela: idinga imithombo yokumba ukuze kukhishwe uketshezi olushisayo emhlabathini, futhi kufakwe amapayipi, amamitha, nezinye izinto zokulawula lezi ziphuzo eziphuma emhlabathini. Imikhiqizo edayiswa i-NOV embonini ye-geothermal ihlanganisa izingcezu zokubhoboza kanye namapayipi omthombo ane-fiberglass-lined. “Leli yibhizinisi elihle,” kusho uWilliams. “Nokho, uma kuqhathaniswa nebhizinisi lethu lesizinda sikawoyela, alilikhulu kangako.”
Imboni kawoyela iyimayini ecebile eminyakeni yokuqala eyi-15 yekhulu lama-21, futhi ukukhula okungalawuleki komnotho wase-Asia kukhuthaze ukwanda kwesidingo somhlaba. Ikakhulukazi ngemva kuka-2006, ngaphezu kokwehla kwesikhashana ngesikhathi sezinkinga zezimali zomhlaba wonke ngo-2008, amanani anyukile. Ngenkathi uWilliams eqokwa njenge-CEO ye-NOV ngoFebhuwari 2014, intengo yomphongolo kawoyela yayicishe ibe yi-US$114. Lapho ekhumbula leso sikhathi engxoxweni yethu, wagcwala injabulo. “Kuhle,” kusho yena, “Kuhle.”
Esinye sezizathu ezenza amanani kawoyela ahlale ephakeme isikhathi eside ukuthi i-OPEC iye yasekela amanani kawoyela ngokukhawulela ukukhiqizwa lapho kubhekwa ukwanda kokukhiqizwa e-United States. Kodwa entwasahlobo ka-2014, amanani kawoyela ehla. Ngemuva kokuthi i-OPEC imemezele emhlanganweni owawungoNovemba ukuthi izogcina izimbangi zayo zintengantenga, amanani kawoyela ehle kakhulu, okuyisinyathelo esahunyushwa kabanzi njengomzamo wokuxosha izimbangi zayo zaseMelika.
Ngo-2017, izindleko zomphongolo ngamunye zizohlala cishe ku-$50. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthandwa okwandayo kwamandla omoya namandla elanga kanye nezindleko zokuwohloka kwezimali kuye kwashukumisela uhulumeni ukuba akhuthaze ngentshiseko ukuncishiswa kwekhabhoni. UWilliams ubize abaphathi abangaba ngu-80 Novemba ukuze babambe iqhaza "esithangamini sokushintsha kwamandla" ukuze bathole indlela yokuphatha emhlabeni ongazange ube mnandi kakhulu. Ujube unjiniyela omkhulu ukuthi ahole ithimba elizobheka amathuba engqungqutheleni yezamandla ahlukile. Wabela abanye onjiniyela ukuthi basebenze “emisebenzini eyimfihlo yohlobo lwephrojekthi yeManhattan” -imibono engasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-NOV kawoyela negesi "ukudala inzuzo yokuncintisana emkhakheni wamandla ahlanzekile."
Eminye yale mibono isasebenza. UWilliams wangitshela ukuthi enye iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokwakha amapulazi elanga. Ngokutshalwa kwezimali kwezinkampani ezinkulu, amapulazi elanga aya ngokuya eba mkhulu, kusukela eNtshonalanga Texas kuya eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Uveze ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwalezi zakhiwo kuvame “kufana nephrojekthi enkulu yokuhlanganisa ifenisha ye-IKEA noma ubani owake wayibona”. Yize uWilliams enqabile ukunikeza imininingwane, i-NOV izama ukuqhamuka nenqubo engcono. Omunye umqondo uyindlela entsha engaba khona yokugcina i-ammonia-into yamakhemikhali engu-NOV yakhiwe ukukhiqiza imishini ye-hydrogen, njengendlela yokuthutha amandla amakhulu omoya namandla elanga ukuze kupheliswe amandla, lesi sici sithola ukunakwa okwengeziwe.
I-NOV iyaqhubeka nokutshala imali eningi emandleni omoya. Ngo-2018, yathola umakhi waseDashi i-GustoMSC, enesikhundla esiphezulu ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi futhi esebenza embonini yamandla omoya ogwini lwase-Europe ethuthukayo. Ngo-2019, i-NOV yathenga isigxobo ku-Denver-based Keystone Tower Systems. I-NOV ikholelwa ukuthi inkampani iklame indlela yokwakha imibhoshongo emide ye-turbine yomoya ngezindleko eziphansi. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa indlela edumile yokwenza umbhoshongo ngamunye onamashubhu ngokushisela ndawonye izingcwecwe zensimbi ezigobile, uKeystone uhlela ukusebenzisa amasongo ensimbi aqhubekayo ukuze awenze, okucishe kufane nemiqulu yephepha lendlu yangasese yekhadibhodi. Ngenxa yokuthi ukwakheka kwe-spiral kwandisa amandla epayipi, le ndlela kufanele ivumele ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi encane.
Ezinkampanini ezikhiqiza imishini, “uguquko lwamandla lungase lube lula ukulufinyelela”, kunezinkampani ezenza imali ngokuthengisa igolide elimnyama.
Uphiko lwemali yebhizinisi lwe-NOV lutshale izigidi zamadola ku-Keystone, kodwa lwenqaba ukunikeza amanani aqondile. Lena akuyona imali enkulu ngoNovemba, kodwa inkampani ibona lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali njengendlela yokusebenzisa izinzuzo zayo ukungena emakethe ekhula ngokushesha. Lesi sivumelwano savumela ukuvulwa kabusha kwesikhungo sokwakhiwa kwemishini kawoyela ngoNovemba, esivalwe ngonyaka odlule ngenxa yokwehla kwezinga lemakethe kawoyela. Itholakala edolobheni lasePanhandle ePampa, hhayi nje maphakathi nezizinda zikawoyela zaseMelika, kodwa futhi phakathi “kwebhande lomoya” layo. Isitshalo se-Pampa asibonisi zimpawu zenguquko yamandla yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Leli igceke elingasasetshenziswa lodaka nokhonkolo elinezakhiwo zezimboni eziyisithupha ezinde neziwumngcingo ezinophahla lukathayela. I-Keystone ifaka imishini yayo yokuqala yohlobo lwayo lapho ukuze iqale ukukhiqiza imibhoshongo ye-spiral wind turbine ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kulo nyaka. Le femu ibinabasebenzi ababalelwa ku-85 ngaphambi kokuthi ivalwe ngonyaka odlule. Manje sekunezisebenzi ezingaba ngu-15. Ilinganiselwa ku-70 abasebenzi ngoSepthemba. Uma ukuthengisa kuhamba kahle, kungase kube nabasebenzi abangu-200 maphakathi nonyaka ozayo.
Ukwengamela isu langoNovemba Keystone kwakungumnikazi webhange lokutshala imali wakwaGoldman Sachs uNarayanan Radhakrishnan. Ngenkathi u-Radhakrishnan enquma ukushiya ihhovisi likaGoldman Sachs eHouston ngo-2019, wayesebenzela inkampani esebenza endaweni kawoyela, hhayi umkhiqizi kawoyela, ngoba wayehlaziya izinselelo zokusinda embonini. Ocingweni lukaZoom ekhaya ngoFebhuwari, waveza ukuthi “ukuguqulwa kwamandla kungase kube lula ukufezeka” ezinkampanini ezenza imishini yamandla, kunezinkampani ezenza imali ngokuthengisa igolide elimnyama. I-NOV "ukuncintisana okuyinhloko akukona umkhiqizo wokugcina; imayelana nokwakha izinto ezinkulu, eziyinkimbinkimbi ezisebenza ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.” Ngakho-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nabakhiqizi bakawoyela, i-NOV ilula ukugudluza ukugxilwa kwayo, “okunempahla engaphansi” kwayo.
U-Radhakrishnan uthemba ukuthi ukusebenzisa isipiliyoni se-NOV ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi bezinsimbi zikawoyela ephathwayo emishinini ye-Keystone's spiral wind tower kungavula izindawo ezinkulu zase-United States kanye nomhlaba futhi kube imakethe yamandla omoya enenzuzo. Ngokuvamile, imibhoshongo ye-turbine yomoya ikude nefekthri lapho yakhiwe khona endaweni lapho ifakwe khona. Kwesinye isikhathi, lokhu kudinga umzila ojikelezayo ukuze kugwenywe izithiyo, njengokudlula umgwaqo onguthelawayeka. Ngaphansi kwalezi zithiyo, umbhoshongo oboshwe embhedeni weloli awufaneleki. Ukwakha umbhoshongo kulayini wokuhlanganisa ohambahambayo owakhiwe okwesikhashana eduze nendawo yokufaka, ukubheja kwe-NOV ukuthi umbhoshongo kufanele uvunyelwe ukuphinda kabili ubude—kufika kumafidi angu-600, noma izindaba ezingu-55. Ngenxa yokuthi isivinini somoya sikhuphuka ngokuphakama, nezinsimbi ezinde ze-wind turbine zikhiqiza ijusi eyengeziwe, imibhoshongo emide ingakhipha imali eyengeziwe. Ekugcineni, ukwakhiwa kwemibhoshongo yezinjini zomoya kungase kuthuthelwe olwandle—ngokoqobo, olwandle.
Ulwandle luyindawo eyaziwa kakhulu ye-NOV. Ngo-2002, ngentshisekelo ekhulayo yomqondo omusha wamandla omoya ogwini lwase-Europe, inkampani yaseDutch yokwakha imikhumbi i-GustoMSC, eyatholwa yi-NOV kamuva, yasayina inkontileka yokuhlinzeka ngomkhumbi wokuqala emhlabeni oklanyelwe amandla omoya ngesistimu ye-jack-up. -Ukufakwa kweturbine, ukulungiswa kweMayflower. Lelo bhaji lingafaka kuphela ama-turbines ekujuleni okungamafidi angu-115 noma ngaphansi. Kusukela lapho, uGusto uklame imikhumbi ecishe ibe ngu-35 yokufaka izinjini zomoya, emi-5 yayo yaklanywa eminyakeni emibili edlule. Imikhumbi yayo eseduze, kuhlanganise nowakhiwe eBrownsville, yakhelwe amanzi ajulile—imvamisa engamamitha angu-165 noma ngaphezulu.
I-NOV isebenzise ubuchwepheshe obubili bokumba uwoyela, ikakhulukazi ukufakwa kwe-wind turbine. Enye i-jack-up system, imilenze yayo ifinyelela phansi olwandle, iphakamisa umkhumbi ube ngamamitha angu-150 ngaphezu kwamanzi. Umgomo uwukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-crane yayo ingafinyelela phezulu ngokwanele ukufaka umbhoshongo nama-blade enjini yomoya. Izinsimbi zikawoyela ngokuvamile zinemilenze emithathu yokuphonswa, kodwa imikhumbi yenjini yomoya idinga ezine ukuze ibhekane nokucindezela kokuhamba kwemishini esindayo ezindaweni eziphakeme kangaka. Imishini kawoyela ibekwa emthonjeni kawoyela izinyanga ezimbalwa, kuyilapho imikhumbi esebenza ngophehlwa umoya isuka endaweni ethile iye kwenye, ngokuvamile yehla yenyuka nsuku zonke.
Okunye ukuguqulwa kukaNovemba ukusuka kuwoyela kuye emoyeni inguqulo ehlehliswayo, engamafidi angu-500 ubude yokhreni wayo ongokwesiko wokukhweza. I-NOV iyiklame ukuthi ikwazi ukuphusha izingxenye ze-wind turbine phezulu esibhakabhakeni. NgoJanuwari 2020, kwafakwa imodeli kacrane omusha ehhovisi likaKeppel eChidan, eNetherlands. NgoNovemba, izikhulu ezingaba ngu-40 ezivela emhlabeni wonke zandizela ukuze zihlanganyele engqungqutheleni yezinsuku ezimbili yesu lenkampani lamandla avuselelekayo. . “Izindawo ezibalulekile” eziyishumi sezivele: ezintathu amandla omoya, kanye namandla elanga, i-geothermal, i-hydrogen, i-carbon capture kanye nesitoreji, ukugcinwa kwamandla, izimayini ezijulile zolwandle, kanye ne-biogas.
Ngabuza uFrode Jensen, iphini likamongameli omkhulu we-NOV sales and drilling rigs, isikhulu esasihambele umhlangano weSchiedam mayelana nento yokugcina, ubuchwepheshe obuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwegesi engashiswa ukuze kuphehliwe ugesi. Ikakhulukazi umthombo wegesi yemvelo? Ahleke uJensen. “Kufanele ngiyibeke kanjani?” ebuza ekhulumela phezulu ngesiNorwegian. "Inkomo shit." I-NOV yenza ucwaningo nge-biogas nobunye ubuchwepheshe epulazini eliguqulwe laba isikhungo socwaningo nentuthuko yebhizinisi e-Navasota, idolobhana elincane eliphakathi kwe-Houston nedolobha lasenyuvesi, elaziwa ngokuthi "I-blues capital of Texas". Ngabe ozakwabo bakaJensen abaphisa i-biogas bacabanga ukuthi i-NOV ingenza imali ngayo? “Lokho,” akashongo lutho, enokungabaza ngomsebenzi wakhe kawoyela weminyaka engu-25, “yilokhu abakucabangayo.”
Selokhu kwaba nomhlangano eSchiedam cishe unyaka nesigamu edlule, uJensen useshintshe isikhathi sakhe esiningi emoyeni. Uyala u-NOV ukuthi athuthukise umngcele olandelayo wamandla omoya asogwini lolwandle: izinjini zomoya ezinkulu zikude nogu ngakho-ke zintanta emanzini ajulile kangako. Aziboshelwe phansi olwandle, kodwa ziboshelwa phansi olwandle, ngokuvamile ngesethi yezintambo. Kunezisusa ezimbili zokungena ezindlekweni kanye nezinselelo zobunjiniyela zokwakha isakhiwo eside kangaka esingasogwini: ukugwema ukuphikiswa kwabahlali basogwini abangafuni ukuthi umbono wabo ucekelwe phansi izinjini zomoya ezingekho egcekeni lami, nokusebenzisa ithuba ulwandle oluvulekile kakhulu kanye nesivinini somoya omkhulu. .
Lo mkhumbi uzobizwa ngokuthi i-Charybdis, iqanjwe ngesilo sasolwandle ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki. Uma kubhekwa isimo esinzima somnotho esibhekene nebhizinisi lamandla, lesi isiteketiso esifanelekile.
Ezinye zezinkampani ezinkulu zikawoyela zamazwe ngamazwe zisebenzisa izizumbulu zemali ukuthenga indlela yazo yokuhola kulesi sibhicongo esikhula ngokushesha esintantayo. Isibonelo, ngoFebhuwari, i-BP kanye nomkhiqizi wamandla waseJalimane u-EnBW ngokuhlanganyela baxosha abanye ababhidi emanzini ukuze bahlwithe ilungelo lokusungula “indawo” yezinjini zomoya ezintantayo e-Irish Sea eduze kwase-UK. I-BP kanye ne-EnBW bafake isicelo esingaphezu kukaShell nezinye izikhondlakhondla zikawoyela, bavuma ukukhokha u-$1.37 billion umuntu ngamunye ngamalungelo okuthuthukisa. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi abakhiqizi abaningi bakawoyela emhlabeni bangamakhasimende abo, i-NOV inethemba lokuthi izobadayisela iningi lemishini abazoyisebenzisela amandla omoya ogwini lolwandle.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla omoya nakho kwashintsha igceke likaKeppel eBrownsville. Izisebenzi zayo eziyi-1,500 - cishe ingxenye yabantu eyabaqasha endaweni ephakeme kawoyela ngo-2008 - ngaphezu kwemikhumbi yokufaka i-wind turbine, futhi bakha imikhumbi emibili yamabhokisi kanye ne-dredger. Cishe izisebenzi eziyi-150 zabelwe le turbine yomoya, kodwa lapho ukwakhiwa kuqhubeka ngokugcwele ngonyaka ozayo, lesi sibalo singase sikhuphuke siye ku-800. Isamba sabasebenzi bomkhumbi singase sikhuphuke siye cishe ku-1,800, kuye ngokuqina kwebhizinisi layo lonke.
Izinyathelo zokuqala zokwakha umkhumbi wokufaka i-turbine yomoya we-Dominion zifana kakhulu nalezo osekuyisikhathi eside i-Keppel izisebenzisa ukwakha izinsimbi zikawoyela. Amapuleti esindayo afakwa emshinini obizwa ngokuthi i-Wilberett, odlayo. Lezi zingcezu zibe sezisikwa, ziboshwe bese zilolongwa, bese zishiselwa zibe izingcezu ezinkulu zesikebhe, ezibizwa ngokuthi “izingcezu ezincane.” Lezo zishiselwe zibe amabhlogo; la mabhuloki abe eseshiselwa esitsheni. Ngemva kokushelela nokudweba - ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ezakhiweni ezibizwa ngokuthi "amakamelo aqhumayo", amanye awo anezitezi ezintathu ukuphakama - umkhumbi ufakwe imishini yawo kanye nendawo yawo yokuhlala.
Kodwa kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kokwakha izinsimbi zikawoyela nokwakha izikebhe zikaseyili. Ngesikhathi bakha imikhumbi ye-Dominion - ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngo-Okthoba nyakenye futhi kuhlelwe ukuthi kuqedwe ngo-2023 - abasebenzi baseKeppel eBrownsville babezama ukuyilawula kahle. Mhlawumbe ubunzima obunganqandeki kakhulu obuhilelekile ukuthi, ngokungafani nezinsimbi zokuthutha uwoyela, izikebhe zikaseyili zidinga indawo evulekile emphemeni wazo ukuze zigcine imibhoshongo nezinsimbi ezizofakwa. Lokhu kwaphoqa onjiniyela ukuba bathole izintambo zomkhumbi, amapayipi, nemishini ehlukahlukene yangaphakathi ukuze noma yini edlula emphemeni (njengamapayipi) yehliselwe onqenqemeni olungaphandle lwesiteki. Ukuthola indlela yokwenza lokhu kufana nokuxazulula inkinga enzima. E-Brownsville, umsebenzi wawela emahlombe omphathi wezobunjiniyela oneminyaka engu-38 uBernardino Salinas egcekeni.
USalinas wazalelwa eRio Bravo, eMexico, emngceleni waseTexas. UbeseBrownsville, eKeppel kusukela athola iziqu ze-master in industrial engineering e-Texas A&M University e-Kingsville ngo-2005. Umsebenzi wasefekthri. Njalo ntambama, lapho uSalinas ecwaninga ngokucophelela ipulani yakhe ye-elekthronikhi futhi enquma ukuthi uzoyibeka kuphi iphazili elandelayo, uzosebenzisa ividiyo ukuze akhulume nozakwabo e-Keppel Shipyard yaseSingapore, osevele wakha isikebhe sokufaka injini yomoya. Ngolunye usuku ntambama ngo-February eBrownsville—ngakusasa ekuseni eSingapore—laba ababili baxoxa ngendlela yokufaka amapayipi amanzi abilayo kanye nesimiso samanzi e-ballast ukuze amanzi ageleze azungeze umkhumbi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, babonisana ngesakhiwo samapayipi amakhulu okupholisa injini.
Umkhumbi waseBrownsville uzobizwa ngeCharybdis. Isilo sasolwandle ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki sihlala ngaphansi kwamadwala, sinyakazisa amanzi ngakolunye uhlangothi lomsele omncane, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, esinye isidalwa okuthiwa iSkula siyohlwitha noma yimaphi amatilosi adlula eduze kakhulu. UScylla noCharybdis baphoqelele imikhumbi ukuba ikhethe imizila yayo ngokucophelela. Uma kubhekwa isimo esinzima somnotho lapho i-Keppel kanye nebhizinisi lamandla asebenza khona, lokhu kubonakala kuyisidlaliso esifanele.
Indawo yokugaya uwoyela isamile egcekeni laseBrownsville. UBrian Garza, isisebenzi sase-Keppel esithandekayo esineminyaka engama-26, wangibonisa lokhu ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwamahora amabili e-Zoom ntambama empunga ngoFebhuwari. Olunye uphawu losizi lwemboni kawoyela ukuthi iValaris ezinze eLondon, umnikazi wendawo yokukhiqiza uwoyela omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, yashabalala ngonyaka odlule futhi wayidayisela inhlangano engaphansi kwe-SpaceX ngentengo ephansi yezigidi ezingu-3.5 zamadola aseMelika. Wasungulwa ngusozigidi u-Elon Musk, waba sematheni ngesikhathi ememezela ekupheleni konyaka odlule ukuthi uzosuka eCalifornia aye eTexas. Okunye okudalwe nguMusk kufaka phakathi umenzi wezimoto zikagesi uTesla, obambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni kawoyela yaseTexas ngokudla ngokufunwa uwoyela. UGarza wangitshela ukuthi i-SpaceX iqambe kabusha i-rig yaba i-Deimos njengenye yamasathelayithi amabili e-Mars. UMusk uveze ukuthi i-SpaceX izogcina isebenzisa amarokhethi athulwe ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ukuthutha abantu ukusuka eMhlabeni ukuya eRed Planet.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-16-2021