Idizayinwe ngu-Todd Brady kanye no-Stephen H. Miller, uhlaka lwe-CDTC olubandayo olwakheka (CFSF) (olwaziwa nangokuthi “igeji ekhanyayo”) ekuqaleni lwalungelinye esikhundleni sokhuni, kodwa ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka omsebenzi wonya, lwagcina luyidlalile indima yalo. Njengokhuni oluqedwe ngumbazi, izigxobo zensimbi namathrekhi kungasikwa futhi kuhlanganiswe ukuze kwakheke izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa-ke, kuze kube muva nje akukaze kube khona ukulinganisa kwangempela kwezingxenye noma izinhlanganisela. Imbobo ngayinye emagebhugebhu noma enye ingxenye yesakhiwo esikhethekile kufanele ichazwe ngayodwa nguNjiniyela Wokurekhoda (EOR). Osonkontileka abahlale belandela le mininingwane eqondene nephrojekthi, futhi bangase “benze izinto ngendlela ehlukile” isikhathi eside. Naphezu kwalokhu, kunomehluko omkhulu kwikhwalithi yokuhlangana kwensimu.
Ekugcineni, ukujwayelana kudala ukunganeliseki, futhi ukunganeliseki kukhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha. Amalungu amasha ozimele (ngaphesheya kwezinga le-C-Studs kanye ne-U-Tracks) awatholakali kuphela kusetshenziswa amasu okubumba athuthukile, kodwa angaphinde akhelwe ngaphambili/agunyazwe kusengaphambili ngezidingo ezithile ukuze kuthuthukiswe isigaba se-CFSF mayelana nokuklama nokwakha. .
Izingxenye ezisezingeni, ezakhelwe inhloso ezihambisana nokucaciswa zingenza imisebenzi eminingi ngendlela engaguquki, zinikeze ukusebenza okungcono nokuthembekile. Benza imininingwane ibe lula futhi banikeze isixazululo okulula kosonkontileka ukusifaka ngendlela efanele. Ziphinde zisheshise ukwakhiwa futhi zenze ukuhlola kube lula, zonga isikhathi nokuhlupheka. Lezi zingxenye ezijwayelekile zibuye zithuthukise ukuphepha kwendawo yokusebenza ngokunciphisa izindleko zokusika, ukuhlanganisa, i-screwdriving kanye nokushisela.
Ukuzijwayeza okujwayelekile ngaphandle kwamazinga e-CFSF sekube yingxenye eyamukelekayo yezwe kangangokuthi kunzima ukucabanga ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zokuhlala ezithengiswayo noma eziphakeme ngaphandle kwakho. Lokhu kwamukelwa okwandile kwafinyelelwa ngesikhathi esifushane futhi akuzange kusetshenziswe kabanzi kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe II.
Izinga lokuqala lokuklama le-CFSF lashicilelwa ngo-1946 yi-American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). Inguqulo yakamuva, i-AISI S 200-07 (I-North American Standard ye-Cold Formed Steel Framing - General), manje isisezingeni eCanada, e-USA naseMexico.
Ukumiswa okuyisisekelo kwenza umehluko omkhulu futhi i-CFSF yaba indlela yokwakha edumile, noma ngabe yayithwala noma ingawuthwali. Izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa:
Njengokuqamba okusha njengoba izinga le-AISI linjalo, alikhodi yonke into. Abaklami nosonkontileka kusekuningi okumele bakunqume.
Uhlelo lwe-CFSF lusekelwe kuma-stud nama-rails. Izigxobo zensimbi, njengezigxobo zokhuni, ziyizinto eziqondile. Ngokuvamile zakha isiphambano esimise okuka-C, “phezulu” kanye “nezansi” zika-C zakha ubukhulu obuncane be-stud (i-flange yayo). Iziqondiso ziyizici zozimele ezivundlile (imibundu namalinta), ezinomumo ongu-U ukuze zifake ama-rack. Osayizi beRakhi bavame ukufana nemithi ebizwa ngokuthi “2×”: 41 x 89 mm (1 5/8 x 3 ½ amayintshi) ithi “2 x 4″ kanye 41 x 140 mm (1 5/8 x 5). ½ intshi) ilingana “2×6″. Kulezi zibonelo, ubukhulu obungu-41 mm bubizwa ngokuthi “ishelufu” futhi ubukhulu obungu-89 mm noma 140 mm bubizwa ngokuthi “iwebhu”, imiqondo yokuboleka ejwayeleke kusukela kunsimbi egoqiwe eshisayo namalungu afanayo ohlobo lwe-I-beam. Ubukhulu bethrekhi buhambisana nobubanzi obuphelele be-stud.
Kuze kube muva nje, izinto eziqinile ezidingwa iphrojekthi bekufanele zichazwe kabanzi ngabakwa-EOR futhi bahlanganiswe esizeni kusetshenziswa inhlanganisela yezikhonkwane namarayili, kanye nezinto ezimise okwe-C kanye no-U. Ukucushwa okuqondile kuvame ukunikezwa usonkontileka futhi ngisho nangaphakathi kwephrojekthi efanayo kungahluka kakhulu. Nokho, amashumi eminyaka okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-CFSF kuye kwaholela ekuqashelweni kwemikhawulo yalawa mafomu ayisisekelo kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene nawo.
Isibonelo, amanzi anganqwabelana kumzila ongaphansi odongeni lwe-stud lapho i-stud ivuliwe ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa. Ukuba khona kwe-sawdust, iphepha, noma ezinye izinto eziphilayo kungabangela isikhunta noma ezinye izinkinga ezihlobene nomswakama, okuhlanganisa ukuwohloka kwe-drywall noma ukuheha izinambuzane ngemuva kocingo. Inkinga efanayo ingenzeka uma amanzi engena ezindongeni eseziqediwe futhi eqoqa kusuka ekujikeni, ekuvuzeni, noma ekuchithekeni.
Isixazululo esisodwa siyindlela ekhethekile yokuhamba enezimbobo ezimbozwe amanzi. Imiklamo ye-stud ethuthukisiwe nayo iyathuthukiswa. Ifaka izici ezintsha ezifana nezimbambo ezibekwe kahle ezigobekayo ukuze zibe lukhuni. Ubuso obuthungwe be-stud buvimbela isikulufu ukuthi "singahambi", okuholela ekuxhumekeni okuhlanzekile nokuqeda okufanayo. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa okuncane, okuphindwe ngamashumi ezinkulungwane zama-spikes, kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kuphrojekthi.
Ukudlula izikhonkwane namareyili Izikhonkwane zendabuko kanye nomzila ngokuvamile zanele izindonga ezingenazo izimbobo ezimahhadlahhadla. Imithwalo ingase ihlanganise isisindo sodonga ngokwalo, ukuqedwa kanye nemishini ekulo, isisindo somoya, futhi kwezinye izindonga zihlanganisa imithwalo ehlala njalo neyesikhashana evela ophahleni noma phansi phezulu. Le mithwalo idluliselwa kusuka kumzila wesitimela ongaphezulu kuya kumakholomu, kuya kwesitimela esingaphansi, futhi ukusuka lapho kuya esisekelweni noma kwezinye izingxenye ze-superstructure (isb. Idekhi kakhonkolo noma amakholomu ensimbi yesakhiwo kanye nemishayo).
Uma kukhona ukuvuleka (RO) odongeni (njengomnyango, iwindi, noma ipayipi elikhulu le-HVAC), umthwalo ovela ngaphezu kokuvula kufanele udluliselwe nxazonke. I-lintel kufanele ibe namandla ngokwanele ukusekela umthwalo ovela ku-studs eyodwa noma ngaphezulu (kanye ne-drywall enamathiselwe) ngaphezu kwe-lintel futhi idlulisele ku-jamb studs (amalungu aqondile e-RO).
Ngokunjalo, izigxobo ze-jamb yeminyango kufanele zakhelwe ukuthwala umthwalo omkhulu kunezigxobo ezivamile. Isibonelo, ezikhaleni zangaphakathi, ukuvuleka kufanele kube namandla ngokwanele ukusekela isisindo se-drywall phezu kokuvuleka (okungukuthi, 29 kg/m2 [6 lbs per square foot] [ungqimba olulodwa luka-16 mm (5/8 inch) ihora lodonga.) ohlangothini ngalunye lukakhonkolo] noma amakhilogremu angu-54/m2 [amakhilogremu angu-11 ngonyawo-skwele] odongeni lwesakhiwo lwamahora amabili [amajazi amabili anokhonkolo olungu-16 mm ohlangothini ngalunye]), kanye nomthwalo wokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nesisindo umnyango kanye nokusebenza kwayo kwe-inertial. Ezindaweni zangaphandle, ukuvuleka kufanele kukwazi ukumelana nomoya, ukuzamazama komhlaba kanye nemithwalo efanayo.
Ngomklamo wendabuko we-CFSF, izihloko kanye nokuthunyelwe kwe-sill kwenziwa esizeni ngokuhlanganisa ama-slats ajwayelekile namareyili abe yiyunithi eqinile. I-Reverse Osmosis Manifold ejwayelekile, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-cassette manifold, yenziwa ngokujiya kanye/noma ngokushisela izingcezu ezinhlanu ndawonye. Izigxobo ezimbili ziphahlwe yizinsimbi ezimbili, kanti owesithathu unamathiselwe phezulu imbobo ibheke phezulu ukuze ibeke isigxobo ngaphezu komgodi (Umfanekiso 1). Olunye uhlobo lwebhokisi lokuhlangana luqukethe izingxenye ezine kuphela: izikhonkwane ezimbili neziqondiso ezimbili. Enye iqukethe izingxenye ezintathu - amathrekhi amabili kanye ne-hairpin. Izindlela eziqondile zokukhiqiza zalezi zingxenye azifani, kodwa ziyahlukahluka phakathi kosonkontileka ngisho nabasebenzi.
Nakuba ukukhiqizwa okuhlanganisiwe kungabangela izinkinga eziningi, kubonakale kahle embonini. Izindleko zesigaba sobunjiniyela beziphezulu ngoba zazingekho izindinganiso, ngakho-ke ukuvuleka okungamahlehla kwakufanele kuklanywe futhi kuphothulwe ngakunye. Ukusika nokuhlanganisa lezi zingxenye ezidinga abasebenzi abaningi esizeni nakho kwenezela ezindlekweni, kumoshe izinto, kukhuphule udoti wesizinda, futhi kwandise ubungozi bezokuphepha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudala izinkinga zekhwalithi nokuvumelana okufanele abaklami abangochwepheshe bakhathazeke ngazo ikakhulukazi. Lokhu kuvame ukwehlisa ukuvumelana, ikhwalithi, nokuthembeka kohlaka, futhi kungathinta nekhwalithi yokuqedwa kwe-drywall. (Bheka “Ukuxhumana Okubi” ukuze uthole izibonelo zalezi zinkinga.)
Izinhlelo zokuxhuma Ukunamathisela ukuxhuma okuyimojuli kuma-rack nakho kungabangela izinkinga zobuhle. Ukugqagqana kwensimbi kuye kwensimbi okubangelwa amathebhu ku-modular manifold kungathinta ukuphela kodonga. Awekho ama-drywall angaphakathi noma izindwangu zangaphandle okufanele zilale phansi eshidini lensimbi okuphuma kulo amakhanda esikulufu. Izindawo eziphakeme zodonga zingabangela ukuphela okungalingani okuphawulekayo futhi zidinga umsebenzi wokulungisa owengeziwe ukuze uzifihle.
Isixazululo esisodwa senkinga yokuxhuma ukusebenzisa ama-clamps enziwe ngomumo, uwabophe emigqeni ye-jamb futhi uqondise amalunga. Le ndlela ilinganisa ukuxhumana futhi iqeda ukungahambisani okubangelwa ukwakhiwa kwendawo. I-clamp iqeda ukugqagqana kwensimbi namakhanda e-screw aphumayo odongeni, ithuthukisa ukuphela kodonga. Kungase futhi kunciphise izindleko zabasebenzi bokufaka phakathi. Ngaphambilini, isisebenzi esisodwa bekufanele sibambe ileveli kanhlokweni ngenkathi esinye isikulufela endaweni. Kusistimu yesiqeshana, isisebenzi sifaka iziqeshana bese sishutha izixhumi kuziqeshana. Lesi sici ngokuvamile sikhiqizwa njengengxenye yesistimu yokufaka eyakhiwe ngaphambili.
Isizathu sokwenza ama-manifolds ngezingcezu eziningi zensimbi egobile ukunikeza okuthile okunamandla kunocezu olulodwa lwethrekhi ukusekela udonga ngaphezu kokuvula. Njengoba ukugoba kuqinisa insimbi ukuze kuvinjwe ukungqubuzana, kwakhiwe ngempumelelo ama-microbeam endizeni enkulu yesici, umphumela ofanayo ungafinyelelwa kusetshenziswa ucezu olulodwa lwensimbi olunamajika amaningi.
Lesi simiso kulula ukusiqonda ngokubamba ishidi ngezandla ezeluliwe kancane. Okokuqala, iphepha liyagoqa phakathi bese liyashelela. Nokho, uma igoqwe kanye ngobude bayo bese iqaqa (ukuze iphepha lenze umgudu omise okwe-V), mancane amathuba okuthi ligobe futhi liwe. Lapho wenza ukugoqa okwengeziwe, kuzoba lukhuni (ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ethile).
Indlela yokugoba eminingi isebenzisa lo mphumela ngokwengeza izisele ezistakiwe, iziteshi, namaluphu kumumo wonke. I-“Direct Strength Calculation” – indlela entsha yokuhlaziya esetshenziswa ngekhompuyutha - ithathele indawo yendabuko “Isibalo Sobubanzi obusebenzayo” futhi yavumela umumo olula ukuthi uguqulelwe ekucushweni okufanele, okusebenza kahle kakhulu ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono ensimbi. Lo mkhuba ungabonakala ezinhlelweni eziningi ze-CFSF. Lezi zimo, ikakhulukazi uma kusetshenziswa insimbi eqinile (390 MPa (57 psi) esikhundleni sezinga lemboni yangaphambilini lama-MPa angu-250 (36 psi)), ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kukonke kwesici ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ngosayizi, isisindo, noma ukujiya. iba. kube nezinguquko.
Endabeni yensimbi eyakhiwe ngendlela ebandayo, kunesinye isici esisebenzayo. Ukusebenza okubandayo kwensimbi, njengokugoba, kushintsha izakhiwo zensimbi ngokwayo. Amandla esivuno namandla aqinile wengxenye ecutshunguliwe yokwanda kwensimbi, kodwa i-ductility iyancipha. Izingxenye ezisebenza kakhulu zithola kakhulu. Ukuthuthuka kokwakhiwa kwamaroli kubangele ukugoba okuqinile, okusho ukuthi insimbi eseduze konqenqema olugobile idinga umsebenzi omningi kunenqubo yokwakhiwa kwamaroli amadala. Ukugoba okukhudlwana nokuqina, insimbi eyengeziwe esakhiweni izoqiniswa ukusebenza okubandayo, okwandisa amandla aphelele wesici.
Amathrekhi avamile anomumo ongu-U anamagobe amabili, ama-C-studs anamagobe amane. Ubuningi be-W obunjiniyela obuthuthukisiwe bunamajika angu-14 ahlelelwe ukukhulisa inani lensimbi elimelana ngokuqinile nengcindezi. Ucezu olulodwa kulokhu kucushwa kungase kube uhlaka lomnyango wonke ekuvulekeni okumahhadlahhadla kohlaka lomnyango.
Ukuze uthole izimbobo ezibanzi kakhulu (okungukuthi ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-2 [7 ft]) noma imithwalo ephezulu, ipholigoni ingaqiniswa nakakhulu ngokufaka okumise okuka-W okufanele. Yengeza insimbi eyengeziwe kanye nokugoba okungu-14, kuletha inani eliphelele lokugoba kuyisimo esiphelele ku-28. Okushumeka kufakwa ngaphakathi kwepholigoni ngama-W ahlanekezelwe ukuze ama-W amabili ndawonye akhe umumo omahhadlahhaza we-X. Imilenze ka-W isebenza njengama-crossbar. Bafake izikhonkwane ezilahlekile phezu kwe-RO, ezazigcinwe endaweni ngezikulufo. Lokhu kuyasebenza noma ngabe ukufakwa kokuqinisa kufakiwe noma cha.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zalesi simiso sekhanda/isiqeshana esakhiwe kusengaphambili isivinini, ukungaguquguquki kanye nesiphetho esithuthukisiwe. Ngokukhetha isistimu ye-linel eyakhiwe ngaphambili eqinisekisiwe, njengaleyo egunyazwe i-International Code of Practice Committee Evaluation Service (ICC-ES), abaklami bangacacisa izingxenye ezisuselwe kumthwalo kanye nezidingo zokuvikela umlilo zohlobo lodonga, futhi bagweme ukudizayina kanye nemininingwane yomsebenzi ngamunye. , ukonga isikhathi nezinsiza. (I-ICC-ES, Isevisi Yokuhlola Ikomiti Lamakhodi Wamazwe Ngamazwe, egunyazwe UMkhandlu Wamazinga wase-Canada [SCC]). Lokhu kulungiswa futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi izimbobo eziyimpumputhe zakhiwe ngendlela eklanywe ngayo, enomsindo wesakhiwo nekhwalithi engaguquki, ngaphandle kokuchezuka ngenxa yokusikwa nokuhlanganisa endaweni.
Ukungaguquguquki kokufakwa nakho kuyathuthukiswa njengoba izinsimbi zinezimbobo ezinentambo ezimbozwe ngaphambili, okwenza kube lula ukufaka izinombolo nokubeka amalunga ane-jamb studs. Iqeda ukugqagqana kwensimbi ezindongeni, ithuthukisa i-drywall surface flatness futhi ivimbele ukungalingani.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ezinjalo zinezinzuzo zemvelo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezingxenye ezihlanganisiwe, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi ye-multiple-piece manifolds kungancishiswa kuze kufike ku-40%. Njengoba lokhu kungadingi ukushiselwa, ukukhishwa okuhambisana namagesi anobuthi kuyaqedwa.
I-Wide Flange Stud Izikhonkwane zendabuko zenziwa ngokuhlanganisa (ukukrufulwa kanye/noma ukushisela) izikhonkwane ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Nakuba benamandla, bangazidalela nezabo izinkinga. Kulula kakhulu ukuhlangana ngaphambi kokufakwa, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekuthengiseni. Nokho, lokhu kuvimbela ukufinyelela esigabeni se-stud esinamathiselwe kumnyango we-Hollow Metal Frame (HMF).
Isixazululo esisodwa ukusika imbobo kwenye yezindawo eziphakeme ukuze unamathisele kuhlaka kusuka ngaphakathi kwenhlangano eqondile. Nokho, lokhu kungenza ukuhlola kube nzima futhi kudinga umsebenzi owengeziwe. Abahloli baziwa ngokuphikelela ekunamathiseleni i-HMF engxenyeni eyodwa yesitezi somnyango bese beyihlola, bese beshisela ingxenye yesibili ye-double stud endaweni. Lokhu kumisa wonke umsebenzi ngasemnyango, kungase kubambezele omunye umsebenzi, futhi kudinga ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe emlilweni ngenxa yokushisela endaweni.
Izikhonkwane zehlombe elibanzi ezakhelwe ngaphambili (eziklanywe ngokukhethekile njengezigxobo ze-jamb) zingasetshenziswa esikhundleni sezigxobo ezinqwabeleka, konga isikhathi esibalulekile nezinto ezibonakalayo. Izinkinga zokufinyelela ezihlobene nomnyango we-HMF nazo ziyaxazululwa njengoba uhlangothi oluvulekile lwe-C luvumela ukufinyelela okungaphazamiseki nokuhlola kalula. I-C-shape evulekile iphinde inikeze ukwahlukanisa okugcwele lapho ama-lintel ahlanganisiwe namagxolo e-jamb ngokuvamile enza igebe lika-102 kuya ku-152 mm (amayintshi angu-4 ukuya kwangu-6) ekuhlukaniseni eduze komnyango.
Ukuxhuma phezulu odongeni Enye indawo yokuklama eye yazuza emisha ukuxhuma phezulu odongeni kuya emphemeni ongaphezulu. Ibanga ukusuka esitezi esisodwa kuya kwesinye lingahluka kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuhluka kokuchezuka kwedekhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zokulayisha. Ezindongeni ezingathwali umthwalo, kufanele kube negebe phakathi kwesiqongo se-studs kanye nephaneli, lokhu kuvumela ideski ukuthi ihambe phansi ngaphandle kokuchoboza izigxobo. Iplatifomu kufanele futhi ikwazi ukuya phezulu ngaphandle kokuphuka izigxobo. Imvume okungenani ingu-12.5 mm (½ in.), okuyingxenye yesamba sokubekezelela ukuhamba okungu-±12.5 mm.
Izixazululo ezimbili zendabuko zibusa. Enye iwukunamathisela ithrekhi ende (50 noma 60 mm (2 noma 2.5 in)) edekhini, amathiphu e-stud avele ashuthekwe ethrekhi, angavikelekile. Ukuze uvimbele izikhonkwane ukuthi zingasonti futhi zilahlekelwe inani lazo lesakhiwo, ucezu lweshaneli ebandayo eligoqiwe lifakwa ngembobo ku-stud ebangeni elingu-150 mm (amayintshi angu-6) ukusuka phezulu odongeni. inqubo yokudla Inqubo ayidumile kosonkontileka. Emzamweni wokunqamula amakhona, abanye osonkontileka bangase balahle ngisho nemisele egoqekayo ngokufaka izigxobo kojantshi bengenazo izindlela zokuzibamba noma zokuzilinganisa. Lokhu kwephula Umkhuba Ojwayelekile we-ASTM C 754 Wokufaka Amalungu Ohlaka Lwensimbi Ukuze Kukhiqizwe Imikhiqizo Ye-Threaded Drywall, okusho ukuthi izigxobo kufanele zinamathiselwe kumareyili ngezikulufu. Uma lokhu kuphambuka kusuka kumklamo kungatholakali, kuzothinta ikhwalithi yodonga oluqediwe.
Esinye isisombululo esisetshenziswa kabanzi yi-double track design. Ithrekhi evamile ibekwe phezu kwezikhonkwane futhi i-stud ngayinye iboshiwe kuyo. Ithrekhi yesibili, eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, ebanzi ibekwa ngaphezu kweyokuqala futhi ixhunywe endaweni ephezulu. Amathrekhi ajwayelekile angashelela phezulu naphansi ngaphakathi kwamathrekhi angokwezifiso.
Izixazululo eziningana zenzelwe lo msebenzi, zonke zihlanganisa izingxenye ezikhethekile ezihlinzeka ngoxhumano olufakwe slot. Ukwehluka kufaka phakathi uhlobo lwethrekhi efakwe slot noma uhlobo lwesiqeshana esifakiwe esisetshenziselwa ukunamathisela ithrekhi kudeki. Isibonelo, vikela isitimela esifakwe ngaphansi kwedekhi usebenzisa indlela yokubopha efanele into ethile yedekhi. Izikulufu ezifakiwe zinamathiselwe phezulu kwezikhonkwane (ngokuvumelana ne-ASTM C 754) okuvumela uxhumo ukuthi lwehle luye phezulu phakathi cishe no-25 mm (1 intshi).
Ku-firewall, ukuxhumana okunjalo okuntantayo kufanele kuvikelwe emlilweni. Ngaphansi kwedekhi yensimbi ene-grooved egcwele ukhonkolo, into evimbela umlilo kufanele ikwazi ukugcwalisa isikhala esingalingani ngaphansi kwe-groove futhi igcine umsebenzi wayo wokulwa nomlilo njengoba ibanga eliphakathi kodonga kanye nedekhi lishintsha. Izingxenye ezisetshenziselwa leli joyinti zihloliwe ngokuhambisana ne-ASTM E 2837-11 entsha (Indlela Yokuhlola Ejwayelekile Yokuthola Ukumelana Nomlilo Kwezinhlelo Ezihlangene Zekhanda Eliqinile Elifakwe Phakathi Kwezingxenye Ezilinganiselwe Zodonga kanye Nezingxenye Ezivundlile Ezingalinganiselwe). Izinga lisekelwe ku-Underwriters Laboratories (UL) 2079, "Ukuhlolwa Komlilo Kwezinhlelo Zokuxhuma Zokwakha".
Inzuzo yokusebenzisa uxhumano oluzinikezele phezulu odongeni yukuthi lungabandakanya imihlangano ejwayelekile, egunyazwe ikhodi, ephikisana nomlilo. Isakhiwo esijwayelekile ukubeka i-refractory emphemeni bese ulenga amayintshi ambalwa ngaphezu kwezindonga nhlangothi zombili. Njengoba nje udonga lukwazi ukushelela luye phezulu futhi lwehle ngokukhululekile endaweni yokucima ukoma, lungashelela lwehle lwehle endaweni ehlangene yomlilo. Izinto zale ngxenye zingabandakanya i-mineral wool, i-structural steel refractory, noma i-drywall, esetshenziswa yodwa noma ihlangene. Amasistimu anjalo kufanele ahlolwe, agunyazwe futhi afakwe ohlwini lwamakhathalogi afana ne-Underwriters Laboratories yaseCanada (ULC).
Isiphetho Ukumisa kuyisisekelo sazo zonke izakhiwo zesimanje. Okuxakayo ukuthi, kuncane ukumiswa “kokwenza okujwayelekile” uma kukhulunywa ngohlaka lwensimbi olwakhiwe ngendlela ebandayo, futhi izinto ezintsha ezephula lawo masiko zingabakhi bamazinga.
Ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zinhlelo ezijwayelekile kungavikela abaklami nabanikazi, konge isikhathi esibalulekile nemali, futhi kuthuthukise ukuphepha kwesayithi. Baletha ukungaguquguquki ekwakhiweni futhi kungenzeka ukuthi basebenze njengoba kuhloswe kunezinhlelo ezakhiwe. Ngenhlanganisela yokukhanya, ukusimama kanye nokuthengeka, i-CFSF kungenzeka inyuse isabelo sayo semakethe yezokwakha, ngokungangabazeki iqhubekisela phambili ukuqamba okusha.
Todd Brady is President of Brady Construction Innovations and inventor of the ProX manifold roughing system and the Slp-Trk wall cap solution. He is a metal beam specialist with 30 years of experience in the field and contract work. Brady can be contacted by email: bradyinnovations@gmail.com.
UStephen H. Miller, i-CDT ingumbhali nomthwebuli wezithombe owine umklomelo ogxile embonini yezokwakha. Ungumqondisi wokudala we-Chusid Associates, ifemu yezokubonisana ehlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokumaketha nezobuchwepheshe kubakhi bemikhiqizo yokwakha. UMiller angathintwa ku-www.chusid.com.
Thikha ibhokisi elingezansi ukuze uqinisekise isifiso sakho sokufakwa kwezokuxhumana ezihlukahlukene ze-imeyili ezivela ku-Kenilworth Media (okuhlanganisa nezincwadi ze-e-newsletters, izindaba zamamagazini edijithali, izinhlolovo zezikhathi kanye neminikelo* yemboni yobunjiniyela neyokwakha).
*Asilithengisi ikheli lakho le-imeyili kubantu besithathu, sivele sidlulisele izipesheli zabo kuwe. Impela, uhlala unelungelo lokuzikhipha ohlwini kunoma yikuphi ukuxhumana esikuthumela kona uma ushintsha umqondo wakho esikhathini esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-07-2023